UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
For the quarterly period ended
OR
For the transition period from _______ to _______
Commission file number:
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered |
| | | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
| Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ | | Smaller reporting company | Emerging Growth Company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements that are based on management's beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections about the financial services industry, the economy, and Macatawa Bank Corporation. Forward-looking statements are identifiable by words or phrases such as “outlook”, “plan” or “strategy”; that an event or trend “could”, “may”, “should”, “will”, “is likely”, or is “possible” or “probable” to occur or “continue”, has “begun” or “is scheduled” or “on track” or that the Company or its management “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “plans”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “predicts”, “projects”, or “expects” a particular result, or is “committed”, “confident”, “optimistic” or has an “opinion” that an event will occur, or other words or phrases such as “ongoing”, “future”, “signs”, “efforts”, “tend”, “exploring”, “appearing”, “until”, “near term”, “concern”, “going forward”, “focus”, “starting”, “initiative,” “trend” and variations of such words and similar expressions. Such statements are based upon current beliefs and expectations and involve substantial risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These statements include, among others, those related to future levels of earning assets, future composition of our loan portfolio, trends in credit quality metrics, future capital levels and capital needs, real estate valuation, future levels of repossessed and foreclosed properties and nonperforming assets, future levels of losses and costs associated with the administration and disposition of repossessed and foreclosed properties and nonperforming assets, future levels of loan charge-offs, future levels of other real estate owned, future levels of provisions for credit losses and reserve recoveries, the rate of asset dispositions, future dividends, future growth and funding sources, future cost of funds, future liquidity levels, future profitability levels, future interest rate levels, future net interest margin levels, the effects on earnings of changes in interest rates, future economic conditions, future effects of new or changed accounting standards, future loss recoveries, loan demand and loan growth, future amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, the future level of other revenue sources and future amounts of unrealized gains or losses in our investment securities portfolio. Management's determination of the provision and allowance for credit losses, the appropriate carrying value of intangible assets (including deferred tax assets) and other real estate owned, and the fair value of investment securities (including whether any impairment on any investment security is temporary or other-than-temporary and the amount of any impairment) involves judgments that are inherently forward-looking. All statements with references to future time periods are forward-looking. All of the information concerning interest rate sensitivity is forward-looking. Our ability to sell other real estate owned at its carrying value or at all, successfully implement new programs and initiatives, increase efficiencies, maintain our current levels of deposits and other sources of funding, maintain liquidity, respond to declines in collateral values and credit quality, respond to a changing interest rate environment, increase loan volume, originate high quality loans, maintain or improve mortgage banking income, realize the benefit of our deferred tax assets, continue payment of dividends and improve profitability is not entirely within our control and is not assured. The future effect of changes in the real estate, financial and credit markets, interest rates and the national and regional economy on the banking industry, generally, and Macatawa Bank Corporation, specifically, are also inherently uncertain. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions (“risk factors”) that are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what may be expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Macatawa Bank Corporation does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that may arise after the date of the forward-looking statements.
Risk factors include, but are not limited to, the risk factors described in "Item 1A - Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. These and other factors are representative of the risk factors that may emerge and could cause a difference between an ultimate actual outcome and a preceding forward-looking statement.
Item 1.
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Cash and due from banks | $ | $ | ||||||
| Federal funds sold and other short-term investments | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||
| Debt securities available for sale, at fair value | ||||||||
| Debt securities held to maturity (fair value 2023 - $ and 2022 - $) | ||||||||
| Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock | ||||||||
| Loans held for sale, at fair value | ||||||||
| Total loans | ||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loans | ||||||||
| Premises and equipment – net | ||||||||
| Accrued interest receivable | ||||||||
| Bank-owned life insurance | ||||||||
| Other real estate owned - net | ||||||||
| Net deferred tax asset | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | ||||||||
| Deposits | ||||||||
| Noninterest-bearing | $ | $ | ||||||
| Interest-bearing | ||||||||
| Total deposits | ||||||||
| Other borrowed funds | ||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and contingent liabilities | — | — | ||||||
| Shareholders' equity | ||||||||
| Common stock, par value, shares authorized; and shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | ||||||||
| Retained earnings | ||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total shareholders' equity | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
| Three Months |
Three Months |
Nine Months |
Nine Months |
|||||||||||||
| Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
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| September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
|||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
2023 |
2022 |
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| Interest income |
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| Loans, including fees |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Securities |
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| Taxable |
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| Tax-exempt |
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| FHLB Stock |
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| Federal funds sold and other short-term investments |
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| Total interest income |
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| Interest expense |
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| Deposits |
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| Other borrowings |
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| Total interest expense |
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| Net interest income |
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| Provision for credit losses |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Net interest income after provision for credit losses |
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| Noninterest income |
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| Service charges and fees |
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| Net gains on mortgage loans |
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| Trust fees |
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| ATM and debit card fees |
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| Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") income |
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| Other |
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| Total noninterest income |
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| Noninterest expense |
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| Salaries and benefits |
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| Occupancy of premises |
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| Furniture and equipment |
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| Legal and professional |
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| Marketing and promotion |
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| Data processing |
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| FDIC assessment |
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| Interchange and other card expense |
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| Bond and D&O Insurance |
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| Other |
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| Total noninterest expenses |
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| Income before income tax |
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| Income tax expense |
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| Net income |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per common share |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per common share |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Cash dividends per common share |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
| Three Months |
Three Months |
Nine Months |
Nine Months |
|||||||||||||
| Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
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| September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
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| 2023 |
2022 |
2023 |
2022 |
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| Net income |
$ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): |
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| Unrealized gains (losses): |
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| Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale |
( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Net unrealized gain at time of transfer on securities transferred to held-to-maturity |
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| Amortization of net unrealized gains on securities transferred to held-to-maturity |
( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Tax effect |
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| Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale, net of tax |
( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Less: reclassification adjustments: |
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| Reclassification for gains included in net income |
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| Tax effect |
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| Reclassification for gains included in net income, net of tax |
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| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |
( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | ||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||
| Other | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Common | Retained | Comprehensive | Shareholders' | |||||||||||||
| Stock | Earnings | Income (Loss) | Equity | |||||||||||||
| Balance, July 1, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends at $ per share | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Balance, July 1, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends at $ per share | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock | ||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||
| Other | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Common | Retained | Comprehensive | Shareholders' | |||||||||||||
| Stock | Earnings | Income (Loss) | Equity | |||||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends at $ per share | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Balance, January 1, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Adoption of ASU 2016-13, net of tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends at $ per share | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income, net of tax | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
| Nine Months |
Nine Months |
|||||||
| Ended |
Ended |
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| September 30, |
September 30, |
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| 2023 |
2022 |
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| Cash flows from operating activities |
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| Net income |
$ | $ | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: |
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| Depreciation and amortization |
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| Stock compensation expense |
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| Provision for credit losses |
( |
) | ||||||
| Origination of loans for sale |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Proceeds from sales of loans originated for sale |
||||||||
| Net gains on mortgage loans |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Net gain on sales of other real estate |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Deferred income tax expense |
||||||||
| Earnings in bank-owned life insurance |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Change in accrued interest receivable and other assets |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Change in accrued expenses and other liabilities |
( |
) | ||||||
| Net cash from operating activities |
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| Cash flows from investing activities |
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| Loan originations and payments, net |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Purchases of securities available for sale |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Purchases of securities held to maturity |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Proceeds from: |
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| Maturities and calls of securities available for sale |
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| Maturities and calls of securities held to maturity |
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| Principal paydowns on securities available for sale |
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| Principal paydowns on securities held to maturity |
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| Sales of other real estate |
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| Redemption of FHLB stock |
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| Additions to premises and equipment |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Net cash for investing activities |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Cash flows from financing activities |
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| Change in deposits |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Repayments and maturities of other borrowed funds |
( |
) | ||||||
| Proceeds from other borrowed funds |
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| Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Cash dividends paid |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Net cash for financing activities |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | $ | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
Nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
| Nine Months |
Nine Months |
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| Ended |
Ended |
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| September 30, |
September 30, |
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| 2023 |
2022 |
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| Supplemental cash flow information |
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| Interest paid |
$ | $ | ||||||
| Income taxes paid |
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| Supplemental noncash disclosures: |
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| Security settlement |
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| Transfer of securities from available for sale to held to maturity |
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Macatawa Bank Corporation ("the Company", "our", "we") and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Macatawa Bank ("the Bank"). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Macatawa Bank is a Michigan chartered bank with depository accounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). The Bank operates
Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) believed necessary for a fair presentation have been included.
Operating results for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Use of Estimates: To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ. The allowance for credit losses and fair values of financial instruments are particularly subject to change.
FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, as amended, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU, commonly referred to as Current Expected Credit Loss ("CECL"), provides financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date by replacing the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The new guidance eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold and, instead, reflects an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. The new guidance broadens the information that an entity must consider in developing its expected credit loss estimate for assets measured either collectively or individually to include forecasted information, as well as past events and current conditions. There is no specified method for measuring expected credit losses, and an entity is allowed to apply methods that reasonably reflect its expectations of the credit loss estimate. Although an entity may still use its current systems and methods for recording the allowance for credit losses, under the new rules, the inputs used to record the allowance for credit losses generally will need to change to appropriately reflect an estimate of all expected credit losses and the use of reasonable and supportable forecasts. FASB also issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. This standard eliminated the previous accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings and added additional disclosure requirements for gross chargeoffs by year of origination. It also prescribes guidance for reporting modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.
The Company adopted these standards as required on January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the probable incurred loss accounting standards. The transition adjustment of the CECL adoption included an increase in the allowance for loans of $
Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL") - Loans: The allowance for credit losses (allowance) is a valuation account that is deducted from the loan portfolios' amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans. The allowance is increased by the provision for credit losses and recoveries, and decreased by charge-offs of loans. Management believes the allowance balance to be adequate based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, past loan loss experience, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, current and forecasted economic conditions and other relevant factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged-off. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Management continues its collection efforts on previously charged-off balances and applies recoveries as additions to the allowance.
The allowance is measured on a collective pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Loans with similar risk characteristics are grouped into homogeneous classes, or pools, for allowance calculation. Commercial loans are divided into
The Company's loan portfolio classes as of September 30, 2023 were as follows:
Commercial Loans:
Commercial and Industrial - Risks to this category include industry concentration and limitations associated with monitoring the adequacy and condition of collateral which can include inventory, accounts receivable, and other non-real estate assets. Equipment and inventory obsolescence can also pose a risk. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.
Residential developed - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area, inadequate long-term financing arrangements and velocity of sales. Loans in this category are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates as well as market demand and supply of similar property. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Unsecured to residential developers - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.
Vacant and unimproved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of farm land, agricultural properties and residential properties as well as velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Commercial development - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Residential improved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Commercial improved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates, cost overruns, changes in market demand for property or services and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Manufacturing and industrial - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, changes in market demand for products produced and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Consumer Loans:
Residential mortgage - Residential mortgage loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.
Unsecured - Unsecured loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates.
Home equity - Home equity loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.
Other secured - Other secured loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates, regulatory risks as well as the inability to monitor collateral consisting of personal property.
The remaining life methodology is used for all loan pools. This nondiscounted cash flow approach projects an estimated future amortized cost basis based on current loan balance and repayment terms. Given the bank's limited loss history over the past twelve years, a loss rate computed for a comparable sized peer group (banks with assets between $
Reasonable and supportable economic forecasts have to be incorporated in determining expected losses. The forecast period represents the time frame from the current period end through the point in time that the Company can reasonably forecast. Ideally, the economic forecast period would cover the contractual terms of all loans; however, the ability to produce a forecast that is both reasonable and supportable becomes more difficult the longer the period is projected.
For periods beyond the forecast period, the loss rate reverts back to the baseline lifetime loss. As of September 30, 2023, the Company used a one-year reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, with a nine-month straight-line reversion period for all loan classes. In determining the reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, the Company used a consensus economic forecast from a third-party provider that provided forecasts from twenty five leading economists. The Company considered the September 2023 report's consensus/mean estimates for gross domestic product and unemployment rates and selected a loss period for the reasonable and supportable forecast period that most closely matched that consensus ( December 2006 to June 2007). The forecast period used at September 30, 2023 was not materially different from the one used in the June 30, 2023 calculation.
A number of qualitative factors are considered including economic forecast uncertainty, credit quality trends, valuation trends, concentration risk, quality of loan review, changes in personnel, impact of rising interest rates, external factors and other considerations. During each reporting period, management also considers the need to adjust the baseline lifetime loss rates for factors that may cause expected losses to differ from those experienced in the historical loss periods.
The Company is also required to consider expected credit losses associated with loan commitments over the contractual period in which it is exposed to credit risk on the underlying commitments. Any allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is reported as an other liability on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet and is increased or decreased via other noninterest expense on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. The calculation includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and forecasted credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over their estimated lives. The allowance is calculated using the same methodology, inputs and assumptions as the funded portion of loans at the segment level applied to the amount of commitments expected to be funded.
Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income over the respective term of the loan using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. Accrued interest on loans totaled $
Accrued interest receivable for loans is included as a separate line item on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company elected not to measure an allowance for accrued interest receivable and instead elected to reverse accrued interest income on loans that are placed on nonaccrual status. The Company believes this policy results in the timely reversal of uncollectible interest.
Interest income on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 120 days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days still on accrual include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.
All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
Securities: Securities are classified as held to maturity ("HTM") and carried at amortized cost when management has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Securities available for sale ("AFS") consist of those securities which might be sold prior to maturity due to changes in interest rates, prepayment risks, yield and availability of alternative investments, liquidity needs or other factors. Securities classified as AFS are reported at their fair value and the related unrealized gain or loss is reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax.
Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized on the level yield method without anticipating prepayments. Gains and losses on sales are based on the amortized cost of the security sold. Accrued interest receivable on securities totaled $
ACL - Securities Available for Sale - For securities AFS in an unrealized loss position, management determines whether they intend to sell or if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income with an allowance being established under CECL. For securities AFS with unrealized losses not meeting these criteria, management evaluates whether any decline in fair value is due to credit loss factors. In making this assessment, management considers any changes to the rating of the security by rating agencies and adverse conditions specifically related to the issuer of the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses ("ACL") is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Changes in the ACL under ASC 326-30 are recorded as provisions for (or reversal of) credit loss expense. Losses are charged against the allowance when the collectability of a debt security AFS is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of income taxes. The Company has never experienced a loss on any debt securities AFS. At September 30, 2023, there was
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
ACL - Securities Held to Maturity - Since the adoption of CECL, the Company measures credit losses on HTM securities on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics, and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ACL on securities HTM is a contra asset valuation account that is deducted from the carrying amount of HTM securities to present the net amount expected to be collected. HTM securities are charged off against the ACL when deemed uncollectible. Adjustments to the ACL are reported in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income in the provision for credit losses. Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. With regard to US Treasury securities, these have an explicit government guarantee; therefore, no ACL is recorded for these securities. With regard to obligations of states and political subdivisions and other HTM securities, management considers (1) issuer bond ratings, (2) historical loss rates for given bond ratings, (3) the financial condition of the issuer, and (4) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities. The Company has never experienced any loss on HTM securities. At September 30, 2023, there was no ACL related to securities HTM.
Income Taxes: Income tax expense is the sum of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
The Company recognizes a tax position as a benefit only if it is "more likely than not" that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the "more likely than not" test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
Revenue From Contracts With Customers: The Company records revenue from contracts with customers in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("Topic 606"). Under Topic 606, the Company must identify the contract with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and recognize revenue when (or as) it satisfies a performance obligation. No revenue has been recognized in the current reporting period that results from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods.
The Company's primary sources of revenue are derived from interest and dividends earned on loans, securities and other financial instruments that are not within the scope of Topic 606. The Company has evaluated the nature of its contracts with customers and determined that further disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers into more granular categories beyond what is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income was not necessary.
The Company generally satisfies its performance obligations on contracts with customers as services are rendered, and the transaction prices are typically fixed and charged either on a periodic basis (generally monthly) or based on activity. Because performance obligations are satisfied as services are rendered and the transaction prices are fixed, there is little judgment involved in applying Topic 606 that significantly affects the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers.
Interest Income: The Company’s largest source of revenue is interest income which is primarily recognized on an accrual basis based on contractual terms written into loans and investment contracts.
Noninterest Revenue: The Company derives the majority of its noninterest revenue from: (1) service charges for deposit related services, (2) gains related to mortgage loan sales, (3) trust fees and (4) debit and credit card interchange income. Most of these services are transaction based and revenue is recognized as the related service is provided.
Derivatives: Certain of the Bank’s commercial loan customers have entered into interest rate swap agreements directly with the Bank. At the same time the Bank enters into a swap agreement with its customer, the Bank enters into a corresponding interest rate swap agreement with a correspondent bank at terms mirroring the Bank’s interest rate swap with its commercial loan customer. This is known as a back-to-back swap agreement. Under this arrangement the Bank has freestanding interest rate swaps, each of which is carried at fair value. As the terms mirror each other, there is no income statement impact to the Bank. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the total notional amount of such agreements was $
Mortgage Banking Derivatives: Commitments to fund mortgage loans (interest rate locks) to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of these mortgage loans are accounted for as derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting. Fair values of these mortgage derivatives are estimated based on changes in mortgage interest rates from the date the interest rate on the loan is locked. The Bank enters into commitments to sell mortgage backed securities, which it later buys back in order to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk in its mortgage pipeline. At times, the Bank also enters into forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans when loans are closed but not yet sold, in order to hedge the change in interest rates resulting from its commitments to sell the loans.
Changes in the fair values of these interest rate lock and mortgage backed security and forward commitment derivatives are included in net gains on mortgage loans. The fair value of interest rate lock commitments was $(
Loans Held for Sale: Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, these loans had net unrealized gains of $
Newly Issued Not Yet Effective Standards: FASB issued ASU 2023-01, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method. This standard allows entities to elect to account for qualifying tax equity investments using the proportional amortization method, regardless of the program giving rise to the related income tax credits. This election allows the entity to record a writedown of investment to federal income tax expense where income tax credits are recorded. This also aligns the treatment of other tax equity investments with that allowed for low income housing tax credit investments. The standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within these fiscal years. The Company already utilizes the proportional amortization method for its investments in low income housing tax credit investments and as it has no other types of investments in tax credit structures, adoption of this standard will not have any immediate impact.
FASB issued ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements. This standard requires entities to amortize leasehold improvements associated with common control leases over the useful life to the common control group. The standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within these fiscal years. As the Company does not have any such common control leases, adoption of this standard will not have any immediate impact.
NOTE 2 – SECURITIES
The amortized cost and fair value of securities at period-end were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||
| Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | |||||||||||||
| Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | |||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Available for Sale | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Taxable state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds and other debt securities | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||
| Held to Maturity | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||
| Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||
| Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | |||||||||||||
| Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | |||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Available for Sale: | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Taxable state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds and other debt securities | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||
| Held to Maturity | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||
There were
NOTE 2 – SECURITIES (Continued)
On January 1, 2022, the Company reclassified U.S. Treasury securities with an amortized cost of $
Contractual maturities of debt securities at September 30, 2023 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Held–to-Maturity Securities | Available-for-Sale Securities | |||||||||||||||
| Amortized | Fair | Amortized | Fair | |||||||||||||
| Cost | Value | Cost | Value | |||||||||||||
| Due in one year or less | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Due from one to five years | ||||||||||||||||
| Due from five to ten years | ||||||||||||||||
| Due after ten years | ||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
Securities with unrealized losses at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Less than 12 Months | 12 Months or More | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | Value | Loss | Value | Loss | Value | Loss | ||||||||||||||||||
| Available for Sale | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds and other debt securities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Held to Maturity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Less than 12 Months | 12 Months or More | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | Value | Loss | Value | Loss | Value | Loss | ||||||||||||||||||
| Available for Sale: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds and other debt securities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
| Held to Maturity: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||||||||
Management evaluates securities in an unrealized loss position at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. In analyzing an issuer's financial condition, Management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred and the results of reviews of the issuer's financial condition.
At September 30, 2023,
Securities with a carrying value of approximately $
NOTE 3 – LOANS
Portfolio loans were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | ||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||
| Total commercial real estate | ||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||
| Other secured | ||||||||
| Total consumer | ||||||||
| Total loans | ||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
The totals above are shown net of deferred fees and costs. Deferred fees on loans totaled $
Activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment was as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| and | Commercial | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended September 30, 2023 | Industrial | Real Estate | Consumer | Unallocated | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses (1) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Ending Balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| and | Commercial | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine months ended September 30, 2023 | Industrial | Real Estate | Consumer | Unallocated | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-03 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Impact of adoption of ASU 2016-03 | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses (1) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Ending Balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| and | Commercial | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended September 30, 2022 | Industrial | Real Estate | Consumer | Unallocated | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses (1) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Ending Balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| and | Commercial | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nine months ended September 30, 2022 | Industrial | Real Estate | Consumer | Unallocated | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses (1) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Ending Balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| (1) | Beginning January 1, 2023, calculation is based on CECL methodology. Prior to January 1, 2023, calculation was based on probable incurred loss methodology. |
The following table presents gross chargeoffs for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 by portfolio class and origination year (dollars in thousands):
| Term Loans By Origination Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolving | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | Prior | Loans | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential development | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer unsecured | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateral dependent loans are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Under CECL for collateral dependent loans, the Company has adopted the practical expedient to measure the allowance on the fair value of collateral.
The allowance is calculated on an individual loan basis based on the shortfall between the fair value of the loan's collateral, which is adjusted for liquidation costs/discounts, and the loan's amortized cost. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the loan's amortized cost, no allowance is necessary. The Company's policy is to obtain appraisals on any significant pieces of collateral. For real estate collateral that is in industries that are undergoing significant stress, or properties that are specialized use or have limited marketability, higher discounts are applied in determining fair value.
There have been no significant changes to the types of collateral securing our collateral dependent loans.
The amortized cost of collateral-dependent loans by class as of September 30, 2023 was as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Collateral Type | ||||||||||||
| Allowance | ||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | Real Estate | Other | Allocated | |||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||
| Other secured | ||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
The following table presents the balance in the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method (dollars in thousands):
| Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| and | Commercial | |||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | Industrial | Real Estate | Consumer | Unallocated | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ending allowance attributable to loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Individually reviewed for impairment | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Collectively evaluated for impairment | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total ending allowance balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Individually reviewed for impairment | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Collectively evaluated for impairment | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total ending loans balance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| Unpaid | Year-To-Date | |||||||||||||||
| Principal | Recorded | Allowance | Average Recorded | |||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | Balance | Investment | Allocated | Investment | ||||||||||||
| With no related allowance recorded: | ||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | |||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | — | |||||||||||||||
| — | ||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | — | |||||||||||||||
| Total with no related allowance recorded | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | |||||||||||
| With an allowance recorded: | ||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||
| Total with an allowance recorded | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual by class of loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| Over 90 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nonaccrual with | Nonaccrual with | days | Nonperforming | |||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | No Allowance | Allowance | Total Nonaccrual | Accruing | Loans | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other secured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Over 90 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nonaccrual with | Nonaccrual with | days | Nonperforming | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | No Allowance | Allowance | Total Nonaccrual | Accruing | Loans | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other secured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 by class of loans (dollars in thousands):
| 30-90 | Greater Than | Total | Loans Not | |||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | Days | 90 Days | Past Due | Past Due | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other secured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| 30-90 | Greater Than | Total | Loans Not | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | Days | 90 Days | Past Due | Past Due | Total | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other secured | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
At times, the Company will modify terms of a loan to allow the customer to mitigate the risk of foreclosure by meeting a lower loan payment requirement based upon their current cash flow. These may also include loans that renewed at existing contractual rates, but below market rates for comparable credit. For commercial loans, these modifications typically include an interest only period and, in some cases, a lowering of the interest rate on the loan. In some cases, the modification will include separating the note into two notes with the first note structured to be supported by current cash flows and collateral, and the second note made for the remaining unsecured debt. The second note is charged off immediately and collected only after the first note is paid in full. This modification type is commonly referred to as an A-B note structure. For consumer mortgage loans, the restructuring typically includes a lowering of the interest rate to provide payment and cash flow relief. For each restructuring, a comprehensive credit underwriting analysis of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects of repayment under the revised terms is performed to assess whether the structure can be successful and that cash flows will be sufficient to support the restructured debt. An analysis is also performed to determine whether the restructured loan should be on accrual status. Generally, if the loan is on accrual status at the time of restructure, it will remain on accrual status after the restructuring. In some cases, a nonaccrual loan may be placed on accrual status at restructuring if the loan’s actual payment history demonstrates it would have cash flowed under the restructured terms. After six consecutive payments under the restructured terms, a nonaccrual restructured loan is reviewed for possible upgrade to accrual status.
As with other individually reviewed loans, an allowance for credit loss is estimated for each such modification made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty based on the most likely source of repayment for each loan. For commercial real estate loans that are collateral dependent, the allowance is computed based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell. For individually reviewed commercial loans where repayment is expected from cash flows from business operations, the allowance is computed based on a discounted cash flow computation. Certain groups of such loans, such as residential mortgages, have common characteristics and for them the allowance is computed based on a discounted cash flow computation on the change in weighted rate for the pool. The allowance allocations for commercial modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty where we have reduced the contractual interest rate are computed by measuring cash flows using the new payment terms discounted at the original contractual rate.
The following table presents information regarding modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Outstanding | Percentage to | |||||||||||
| Number of | Recorded | Total | ||||||||||
| Loans | Balance | Loans | ||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | % | ||||||||||
| Commercial real estate | % | |||||||||||
| Consumer | % | |||||||||||
| $ | % | |||||||||||
The following table presents information related to modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of September 30, 2023. The table presents the amount of accruing modifications that were on nonaccrual status prior to the modification, accruing at the time of modification and those that were upgraded to accruing status after receiving six consecutive monthly payments in accordance with the modified terms as of the period reported (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, | ||||
| 2023 | ||||
| Accruing - nonaccrual at modification | $ | |||
| Accruing - accruing at modification | ||||
| Accruing - upgraded to accruing after six consecutive payments | ||||
| $ | ||||
There was
There were
Credit Quality Indicators: The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes commercial loans individually and classifies these relationships by credit risk grading. The Company uses an eight point grading system, with grades 5 through 8 being considered classified, or watch, credits. The higher the risk grade, the stronger likelihood of loss. At grade 7, a loan is placed on nonaccrual status. All commercial loans are assigned a grade at origination, at each renewal or any amendment. When a credit is first downgraded to a watch credit (either through renewal, amendment, loan officer identification or the loan review process), an Administrative Loan Review (“ALR”) is generated by the credit department and the loan officer. All watch credits have an ALR completed quarterly which analyzes the collateral position and cash flow of the borrower and its guarantors. Management meets quarterly with loan officers to discuss each of these credits in detail and to help formulate solutions where progress has stalled. When necessary, the loan officer proposes changes to the assigned loan grade as part of the ALR. Additionally, Loan Review reviews all loan grades upon origination, renewal or amendment and again as loans are selected though the loan review process. The credit will stay on the ALR until either its grade has improved to a 4 or the credit relationship is at a zero balance. The Company uses the following definitions for the risk grades in ascending order of likelihood of loss:
1. Excellent - Loans supported by extremely strong financial condition or secured by the Bank’s own deposits. Minimal risk to the Bank and the probability of serious rapid financial deterioration is extremely small.
2. Above Average - Loans supported by sound financial statements that indicate the ability to repay or borrowings secured (and margined properly) with marketable securities. Nominal risk to the Bank and probability of serious financial deterioration is highly unlikely. The overall quality of these credits is very high.
3. Good Quality - Loans supported by satisfactory asset quality and liquidity, good debt capacity coverage, and good management in all critical positions. Loans are secured by acceptable collateral with adequate margins. There is a slight risk of deterioration if adverse market conditions prevail.
4. Acceptable Risk - Loans carrying an acceptable risk to the Bank, which may be slightly below average quality. The borrower has limited financial strength with considerable leverage. There is some probability of deterioration if adverse market conditions prevail. These credits should be monitored closely by the Relationship Manager.
5. Marginally Acceptable - Loans are of marginal quality with above normal risk to the Bank. The borrower shows acceptable asset quality but very little liquidity with high leverage. There is inconsistent earning performance without the ability to sustain adverse market conditions. The primary source of repayment is questionable, but the secondary source of repayment still remains an option. Very close attention by the Relationship Manager and management is needed.
6. Substandard - Loans are inadequately protected by the net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged. The primary and secondary sources of repayment are questionable. Heavy debt condition may be evident and volume and earnings deterioration may be underway. It is possible that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not immediately addressed and corrected.
7. Doubtful - Loans supported by weak or no financial statements, as well as the ability to repay the entire loan, are questionable. Loans in this category are normally characterized less than adequate collateral, insolvent, or extremely weak financial condition. A loan classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses makes collection or liquidation in full highly questionable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, however, activity may be underway to minimize the loss or maximize the recovery.
8. Loss - Loans are considered uncollectible and of little or no value as a bank asset.
The following table summarizes loan ratings by grade for commercial loans (dollars in thousands):
| Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year and Risk Grades | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | Prior | Revolving | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential development | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Commercial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grades 1-3 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade 7-8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2022, the risk grade category of commercial loans by class of loans were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| December 31, 2022 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing & industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. For consumer loan classes, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following table presents the recorded investment in consumer loans by year of origination and based on delinquency status at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | Prior | Revolving | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nonperforming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer unsecured | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nonperforming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nonperforming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nonperforming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Retail | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table presents the recorded investment in consumer loans based on payment status at December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| Residential | Consumer | Home | Consumer | |||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | Mortgage | Unsecured | Equity | Other | ||||||||||||
| Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Nonperforming | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
NOTE 4 – FAIR VALUE
ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value include:
| Level 1: | Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date. | |
| Level 2: | Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. | |
| Level 3: | Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity's own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. |
Investment Securities: The fair values of investment securities are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). The fair values of certain securities held to maturity are determined by computing discounted cash flows using observable and unobservable market inputs (Level 3 inputs).
Loans Held for Sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is based upon binding quotes from third party investors (Level 2 inputs).
Impaired Loans: Loans identified as impaired are measured using one of three methods: the loan’s observable market price, the fair value of collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows. For each period presented, no impaired loans were measured using the loan’s observable market price. If an impaired loan has had a charge-off or if the fair value of the collateral is less than the recorded investment in the loan, we establish a specific reserve and report the loan as nonrecurring Level 3. The fair value of collateral of impaired loans is generally based on recent real estate appraisals, less costs to sell. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.
Other Real Estate Owned: Other real estate owned (OREO) properties are initially recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. Adjustments to OREO are measured at fair value, less costs to sell. Fair values are generally based on third party appraisals or realtor evaluations of the property. These appraisals and evaluations may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized through a valuation allowance, and the property is reported as nonrecurring Level 3.
Interest Rate Swaps: For interest rate swap agreements, we measure fair value utilizing pricing provided by a third-party pricing source that that uses market observable inputs, such as forecasted yield curves, and other unobservable inputs and accordingly, interest rate swap agreements are classified as Level 3.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):
| Quoted Prices in | ||||||||||||||||
| Active Markets | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
| for Identical | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
| Fair | Assets | Inputs | Inputs | |||||||||||||
| Value | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Available for sale securities | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs | ||||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ||||||||||||||||
| Taxable state and municipal bonds | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds and other debt securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Other equity securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | ||||||||||||||||
| Total assets measured at fair value on recurring basis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Total liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Available for sale securities | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs | ||||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds | ||||||||||||||||
| Taxable state and municipal bonds | ||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds and other debt securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Other equity securities | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | ||||||||||||||||
| Total assets measured at fair value on recurring basis | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
| Total liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||
Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):
| Quoted Prices in | ||||||||||||||||
| Active Markets | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
| for Identical | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
| Fair | Assets | Inputs | Inputs | |||||||||||||
| Value | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Collateral dependent loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Impaired loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements measured on a non-recurring basis was as follows at period end (dollars in thousands):
| Asset Fair | Valuation | Unobservable | |||||||||
| Value | Technique | Inputs | Range (%) | ||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | |||||||||||
| Collateral dependent loans | $ | Sales comparison approach | Adjustment for differences between comparable sales | ||||||||
| Income approach | Capitalization rate | ||||||||||
| Asset Fair | Valuation | Unobservable | |||||||||
| Value | Technique | Inputs | Range (%) | ||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||
| Impaired Loans | $ | Sales comparison approach | Adjustment for differences between comparable sales | ||||||||
| Income approach | Capitalization rate | ||||||||||
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments, not previously presented, were as follows at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| Level in | September 30, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Carrying | Fair | Carrying | Fair | |||||||||||||
| Hierarchy | Amount | Value | Amount | Value | |||||||||||||
| Financial assets | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks | Level 1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold and other short-term investments | Level 1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Securities held to maturity - U.S. Treasury | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Securities held to maturity - tax-exempt and municipal | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||
| FHLB stock | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||
| Loans, net | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Bank owned life insurance | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||
| Accrued interest receivable | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Financial liabilities | |||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | Level 2 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other borrowed funds | Level 2 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Accrued interest payable | Level 2 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Off-balance sheet credit-related items | |||||||||||||||||
| Loan commitments | |||||||||||||||||
The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value are described as follows.
Carrying amount is the estimated fair value for cash and cash equivalents, bank owned life insurance, accrued interest receivable and payable, demand deposits, short-term borrowings and variable rate loans or deposits that reprice frequently and fully. Security fair values are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities as discussed above. For fixed rate loans, interest-bearing time deposits in other financial institutions, or deposits and for variable rate loans or deposits with infrequent repricing or repricing limits, fair value is based on discounted cash flows using current market rates applied to the estimated life and credit risk (including consideration of widening credit spreads). Fair value of debt is based on current rates for similar financing. It was not practicable to determine the fair value of FHLB stock due to restrictions placed on its transferability, so fair value approximates its cost. The fair value of off-balance sheet credit-related items is not significant.
The estimated fair values of financial instruments disclosed above follow the guidance in ASU 2016-01 which prescribes an “exit price” approach in estimating and disclosing fair value of financial instruments incorporating discounts for credit, liquidity and marketability factors.
NOTE 5 - DERIVATIVES
Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service provided to certain commercial loan borrowers. The Company executes interest rate swaps with commercial banking customers desiring longer-term fixed rate loans, while simultaneously entering into interest rate swaps with a correspondent bank to offset the impact of the interest rate swaps with the commercial banking customers. The net result is the desired floating rate loans and a minimization of the risk exposure of the interest rate swap transactions. As the interest rate swaps associated with this program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the commercial banking customer interest rate swaps and the offsetting interest rate swaps with the correspondent bank are recognized directly to earnings. Since they offset perfectly, there is no net impact to earnings.
The notional and fair value of derivative instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are reflected in the following table (dollars in thousands):
| Notional Amount | Balance Sheet Location | Fair Value | |||||||
| September 30, 2023 | |||||||||
| Derivative assets | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | Other Assets | $ | ||||||
| Derivative liabilities | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Other Liabilities | ||||||||
| Notional Amount | Balance Sheet Location | Fair Value | |||||||
| December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| Derivative assets | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | Other Assets | $ | ||||||
| Derivative liabilities | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Other Liabilities | ||||||||
The fair value of interest rate swaps in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk related to these agreements, was $
Interest rate swaps entered into with commercial loan customers had notional amounts aggregating $
NOTE 6 – DEPOSITS
Deposits are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Noninterest-bearing demand | $ | $ | ||||||
| Interest bearing demand | ||||||||
| Savings and money market accounts | ||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
Time deposits that exceeded the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000 were approximately $
NOTE 7 - OTHER BORROWED FUNDS
Other borrowed funds include advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank and borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank.
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
At period-end, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Weighted | |||||||||
| Advance | Average | ||||||||
| Principal Terms | Amount | Range of Maturities | Interest Rate | ||||||
| September 30, 2023 | |||||||||
| Single maturity fixed rate advance | $ |
| % | ||||||
| Putable advance |
| % | |||||||
| $ | |||||||||
| Weighted | |||||||||
| Advance | Average | ||||||||
| Principal Terms | Amount | Range of Maturities | Interest Rate | ||||||
| December 31, 2022 | |||||||||
| Single maturity fixed rate advance | $ |
| % | ||||||
| Putable advance |
| % | |||||||
| $ | |||||||||
Each advance is subject to a prepayment fee if paid prior to its maturity date. Fixed rate advances are payable at maturity. Amortizable mortgage advances are fixed rate advances with scheduled repayments based upon amortization to maturity. These advances were collateralized by residential and commercial real estate loans totaling $
Scheduled repayments of FHLB advances as of September 30, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
| 2023 | $ | |||
| 2024 | ||||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| 2027 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| $ |
Federal Reserve Bank borrowings
The Company has a financing arrangement with the Federal Reserve Bank. There were
NOTE 8 - EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (dollars in thousands, except per share data):
| Three Months | Three Months | Nine Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||
| Ended | Ended | Ended | Ended | |||||||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shares | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding, including participating stock awards - Basic | ||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive potential common shares: | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock options | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted | ||||||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per common share | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per common share | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
There were
NOTE 9 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
Income tax expense was as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months | Three Months | Nine Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||
| Ended | Ended | Ended | Ended | |||||||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||
| Current | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Deferred | ||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
The difference between the financial statement tax expense and amount computed by applying the statutory federal tax rate to pretax income was reconciled as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Three Months | Three Months | Nine Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||
| Ended | Ended | Ended | Ended | |||||||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||
| Statutory rate | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||
| Statutory rate applied to income before taxes | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Deduct | ||||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt interest income | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Bank-owned life insurance | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Other, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
The realization of deferred tax assets is largely dependent upon future taxable income, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and the ability to carryback losses to available tax years. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider positive and negative evidence, including taxable income in carry-back years, scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, expected future taxable income and tax planning strategies. Management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets at September 30, 2023 will be realized against deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income.
The net deferred tax asset recorded included the following amounts of deferred tax assets and liabilities (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | $ | $ | ||||||
| Net deferred loan fees | ||||||||
| Nonaccrual loan interest | ||||||||
| Valuation allowance on other real estate owned | ||||||||
| Unrealized loss on securities available for sale and transferred to held to maturity | ||||||||
| Other | ||||||||
| Gross deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Valuation allowance | ||||||||
| Total net deferred tax assets | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | ||||||||
| Depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net deferred loan fees | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Gross deferred tax liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | $ | ||||||
There were
NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND OFF BALANCE-SHEET RISK
Some financial instruments are used to meet customer financing needs and to reduce exposure to interest rate changes. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These involve, to varying degrees, credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount reported in the financial statements.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the commitment, and generally have fixed expiration dates. Collateral or other security is normally not obtained for these financial instruments prior to their use and many of the commitments are expected to expire without being used. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments to guarantee a customer’s performance to a third party. Exposure to credit loss if the customer does not perform is represented by the contractual amount for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. At September 30, 2023, the reserve for unfunded commitments was $
A summary of the contractual amounts of financial instruments with off‑balance‑sheet risk was as follows at period-end (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | |||||||
| Commitments to extend credit | $ | $ | ||||||
| Letters of credit | ||||||||
| Unused lines of credit | ||||||||
The notional amount of commitments to fund mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market was approximately $
The Bank enters into commitments to sell mortgage backed securities, which it later buys back in order to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk in its mortgage pipeline. These commitments were approximately$
At September 30, 2023, approximately
NOTE 11 – CONTINGENCIES
The Company and its subsidiaries periodically become defendants in certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of September 30, 2023, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries are a party or which any of its properties are the subject.
NOTE 12 – SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Regulatory Capital
The Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors, and the regulators can lower classifications in certain cases. Failure to meet various capital requirements can initiate regulatory action that could have a direct material effect on the financial statements.
The prompt corrective action regulations provide five categories, including well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If a bank is only adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to, among other things, accept, renew or roll-over brokered deposits. If a bank is undercapitalized, capital distributions and growth and expansion are limited, and plans for capital restoration are required.
The regulatory capital requirements include a common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio (CET1 ratio) of
At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, actual capital levels and minimum required levels were (dollars in thousands):
| To Be Well | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minimum | Minimum Capital | Capitalized Under | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Adequacy With | Prompt Corrective | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Actual | Adequacy | Capital Buffer | Action Regulations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to average assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital (to average assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Bank was categorized as "well capitalized" at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Item 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Macatawa Bank Corporation is a Michigan corporation and a registered bank holding company. It wholly-owns Macatawa Bank. Macatawa Bank is a Michigan chartered bank with depository accounts insured by the FDIC. The Bank operates twenty-six branch offices and a lending and operational service facility, providing a full range of commercial and consumer banking and trust services in Kent County, Ottawa County, and northern Allegan County, Michigan. For further information regarding consolidation, see the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
At September 30, 2023, we had total assets of $2.76 billion, total loans of $1.29 billion, total deposits of $2.45 billion and shareholders' equity of $269.9 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized net income of $11.4 million compared to $10.0 million for the same period in 2022. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized net income of $33.7 million compared to $22.6 million for the same period in 2022. The Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” under regulatory capital standards at September 30, 2023.
We paid a dividend of $0.08 per share in each quarter in 2022 and in each of the first three quarters of 2023.
In early March 2023, three bank failures caused concern regarding the financial condition and stability of the banking industry in general. We believe that, due to the strength of Macatawa Bank Corporation's financial condition, there was little impact of this concern on the Company. While our deposits decreased by $284.2 million in the first quarter of 2023, most of the decline took place prior to the bank failures noted. Our deposits were stable in the second quarter of 2023, declining by $9.4 million and increased by $124.8 million for the third quarter of 2023.
Regarding our liquidity position, at September 30, 2023, the Company had $469.8 million in federal funds sold and overnight balances and had total additional borrowing capacity of $964.5 million, including $263.7 million in unused availability with the FHLB, $65.0 million in available fed funds facilities with correspondent banks, $1.3 million in availability at the FRB's Discount Window and $634.4 million availability in the FRB Bank Term Funding Program. At September 30, 2023, our uninsured deposits totaled approximately $1.10 billion, or 45% of total deposits. At September 30, 2023, our liquidity sources exceeded the amount of uninsured deposit balances by $336.6 million.
Our deposit base is primarily made up of many small accounts, and balances at September 30, 2023 were comprised of 42% personal customers and 58% business customers. Our core deposits - which we define as deposits we have sourced within our local markets - represented 100% of our total deposits at September 30, 2023. Our total deposit balance of $2.45 billion at September 30, 2023 remains elevated, reflecting a $740.2 million increase, or 43%, over pre-pandemic totals of $1.71 billion as of March 31, 2020.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Summary: Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $11.4 million, compared to $10.0 million for the same period in 2022. Net income per share on a diluted basis for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $0.33 compared to $0.29 for the same period in 2022. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $33.7 million, compared to $22.6 million for the same period in 2022. Net income per share on a diluted basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $0.98 compared to $0.66 for the same period in 2022.
The increase in earnings in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022 was due primarily to higher levels of net interest income partially offset by lower mortgage banking income. Throughout 2022, beginning in March, the Federal Reserve Bank increased the federal funds rate several times, bringing the high end of their rate range from 0.25% at the beginning of 2022 to 4.50% at the end of 2022. The Federal Reserve Bank raised this rate an additional 50 basis points to 5.00% during the three months ended March 31, 2023, another 25 basis points to 5.25% in the three months ended June 30, 2023 and another 25 basis points to 5.50% in the three months ended September 30, 2023. Given our asset sensitive balance sheet posture, this had a significant positive impact on our net interest income. Net interest income increased to $22.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $19.8 million in the same period in 2022 and to $66.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $47.3 million in the same period in 2022. The high interest rate environment had a negative impact on our mortgage business as gains on sales of mortgage loans decreased to $5,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $166,000 in the same period in 2022. Gains on sales of mortgage loans decreased to $37,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $673,000 in the same period in 2022.
The provision for credit losses was a benefit of $150,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $0 for the same period in 2022. We were in a net loan recovery position for the three months ended September 30, 2023, with $42,000 in net loan recoveries, compared to $190,000 in net loan recoveries in the same period in 2022. The provision for credit losses was $150,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to a provision benefit of $1.5 million for same period in 2022. We were also in a net loan recovery position for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, with $90,000 in net recoveries compared to $432,000 in net recoveries in the same period in 2022. Several of the previous qualitative environmental factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic were reduced in the first quarter of 2022, reflecting improvement in economic conditions and success at mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in the net provision benefit recorded in the first nine months of 2022. Also impacting comparability between periods is our adoption of ASU 2016-13, commonly referred to as CECL, effective January 1, 2023. At adoption, we increased the allowance for credit losses by $1.5 million. Provisions for the 2023 periods were determined under CECL while the 2022 periods were determined under the probable incurred loss model.
Net Interest Income: Net interest income totaled $22.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $19.8 million for the same period in 2022. Net interest income totaled $66.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $47.3 million for the same period in 2022. Net interest income benefited in each period as a result of the Federal Reserve Bank's federal funds rate increase campaign to combat inflation, which began in March 2022 and has risen 500 basis points since then from 0.50% at the end of March 2022 to 5.50% at the end of September 2023.
Net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased $18.7 million compared to the same period in 2022. Of this increase, $617,000 was from changes in the volume of average interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities and $18.1 million was from increases from changes in rates earned or paid. The largest changes occurred in interest income on commercial loans and in overnight funds. The net change in interest income for commercial loans was an increase of $14.9 million with an increase of $13.1 million due to rate and an increase of $1.8 million due to portfolio growth. Overnight funds contributed an increase of $10.5 million, with $15.4 million due to changes in rate, partially offset by a reduction of $4.9 million due to lower average balances compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as excess funds were deployed into loans and investment securities. The average balance of our investment portfolio grew by $181.1 million from $711.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to $892.9 million in the same period in 2023. This growth resulted in an additional $2.7 million of interest income in the first nine months of 2023.
The cost of interest bearing liabilities increased to 1.69% in the third quarter of 2023 compared to 0.26% in the third quarter of 2022. For the first nine months of 2023, the cost of interest bearing liabilities increased to 1.40% compared to 0.17% for the same period in 2022. Increases in the rates paid on our interest-bearing checking, savings, money market and certificate of deposit accounts in response to the federal funds rate and market rate increases over the past year as well as significant growth in our certificate of deposit account balances caused the increase in our cost of funds in these periods.
The asset yield improvement to 4.48% in the third quarter of 2023 from 3.02% in the third quarter of 2022 far outweighed the increase in cost of funds. As a result, net interest margin improved to 3.35% for the third quarter 2023 compared to 2.86% for the third quarter of 2022. Similarly for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, our asset yield improved from 2.41% in 2022 to 4.31% in 2023, resulting in an increase in our net interest margin from 2.30% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to 3.38% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
The following table shows an analysis of net interest margin for the three month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| For the three months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest |
Average |
Interest |
Average |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Average |
Earned |
Yield |
Average |
Earned |
Yield |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance |
or Paid |
or Cost |
Balance |
or Paid |
or Cost |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable securities |
$ | 766,437 | $ | 4,565 | 2.38 | % | $ | 670,832 | $ | 3,323 | 1.98 | % | ||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt securities (1) |
112,942 | 671 | 3.06 | 137,645 | 668 | 2.50 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial loans (2) |
1,044,065 | 15,096 | 5.66 | 937,125 | 10,223 | 4.27 | ||||||||||||||||||
| PPP loans (3) |
— | — | — | 1,745 | 94 | 21.08 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage loans |
172,580 | 1,816 | 4.20 | 128,611 | 1,093 | 3.39 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer loans |
57,225 | 1,153 | 8.00 | 57,724 | 754 | 5.18 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
10,211 | 80 | 3.08 | 10,211 | 53 | 2.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold and other short-term investments |
467,434 | 6,406 | 5.36 | 803,082 | 4,667 | 2.27 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest earning assets (1) |
2,630,894 | 29,787 | 4.48 | 2,746,975 | 20,875 | 3.02 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest earning assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks |
41,475 | 42,454 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other |
70,700 | 84,914 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets |
$ | 2,743,069 | $ | 2,874,343 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest bearing demand |
$ | 625,963 | $ | 708 | 0.45 | % | $ | 713,913 | $ | 247 | 0.14 | % | ||||||||||||
| Savings and money market accounts |
838,733 | 4,019 | 1.90 | 871,508 | 636 | 0.29 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits |
272,883 | 2,656 | 3.86 | 83,192 | 61 | 0.29 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other borrowed funds |
30,000 | 160 | 2.08 | 30,000 | 160 | 2.08 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest bearing liabilities |
1,767,579 | 7,543 | 1.69 | 1,698,613 | 1,104 | 0.26 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest bearing liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest bearing demand accounts |
692,436 | 917,552 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other noninterest bearing liabilities |
16,715 | 13,321 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity |
266,339 | 244,857 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity |
$ | 2,743,069 | $ | 2,874,343 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income |
$ | 22,244 | $ | 19,771 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest spread (1) |
2.79 | % | 2.76 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest margin (1) |
3.35 | % | 2.86 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio of average interest earning assets to average interest bearing liabilities |
148.84 | % | 161.72 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) |
Yields are presented on a tax equivalent basis using an assumed tax rate of 21% at September 30, 2023 and 2022. |
| (2) |
Includes loan fees of $59,000 and $178,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Includes average nonaccrual loans of approximately $47,000 and $87,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Excludes PPP loans. |
| (3) |
Includes loan fees of $0 and $90,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. |
The following table shows an analysis of net interest margin for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| For the nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest |
Average |
Interest |
Average |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| Average |
Earned |
Yield |
Average |
Earned |
Yield |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance |
or Paid |
or Cost |
Balance |
or Paid |
or Cost |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable securities |
$ | 768,250 | $ | 13,643 | 2.37 | % | $ | 554,670 | $ | 7,375 | 1.77 | % | ||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt securities (1) |
124,610 | 2,048 | 2.82 | 157,095 | 2,101 | 2.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial loans (2) |
1,021,283 | 42,973 | 5.55 | 920,883 | 26,698 | 3.82 | ||||||||||||||||||
| PPP loans (3) |
— | — | — | 8,980 | 1,345 | 19.75 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage loans |
157,593 | 4,692 | 3.96 | 122,029 | 3,019 | 3.29 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer loans |
56,828 | 3,235 | 7.61 | 55,912 | 1,843 | 4.41 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
10,211 | 216 | 2.81 | 10,478 | 155 | 1.95 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold and other short-term investments |
460,719 | 17,367 | 4.97 | 923,153 | 6,916 | 0.99 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest earning assets (1) |
2,599,494 | 84,174 | 4.31 | 2,753,200 | 49,452 | 2.41 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest earning assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks |
36,844 | 36,979 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other |
72,274 | 89,392 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets |
$ | 2,708,612 | $ | 2,879,571 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest bearing demand |
$ | 638,996 | $ | 2,175 | 0.46 | % | $ | 700,010 | $ | 341 | 0.06 | % | ||||||||||||
| Savings and money market accounts |
856,884 | 10,426 | 1.63 | 879,368 | 846 | 0.13 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits |
206,595 | 5,092 | 3.30 | 87,892 | 159 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other borrowed funds |
30,000 | 474 | 2.08 | 56,234 | 827 | 1.94 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest bearing liabilities |
1,732,475 | 18,167 | 1.40 | 1,723,504 | 2,173 | 0.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest bearing liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest bearing demand accounts |
699,666 | 896,989 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other noninterest bearing liabilities |
16,657 | 12,499 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity |
259,814 | 246,579 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity |
$ | 2,708,612 | $ | 2,879,571 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income |
$ | 66,007 | $ | 47,279 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest spread (1) |
2.91 | % | 2.24 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest margin (1) |
3.38 | % | 2.30 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio of average interest earning assets to average interest bearing liabilities |
150.05 | % | 159.74 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) |
Yields are presented on a tax equivalent basis using an assumed tax rate of 21% at September 30, 2023 and 2022. |
| (2) |
Includes loan fees of $249,000 and $435,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Includes average nonaccrual loans of approximately $65,000 and $89,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Excludes PPP loans. |
| (3) |
Includes loan fees of $0 and $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. |
The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in net interest income due to changes in volume and rate for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| For the three months ended September 30, |
For the nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 vs 2022 |
2023 vs 2022 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase (Decrease) Due to |
Increase (Decrease) Due to |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume |
Rate |
Total |
Volume |
Rate |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable securities |
$ | 513 | $ | 729 | $ | 1,242 | $ | 3,349 | $ | 2,919 | $ | 6,268 | ||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt securities |
(170 | ) | 173 | 3 | (611 | ) | 558 | (53 | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial loans, excluding PPP loans |
1,265 | 3,608 | 4,873 | 3,166 | 13,109 | 16,275 | ||||||||||||||||||
| PPP loans |
(94 | ) | — | (94 | ) | (1,345 | ) | — | (1,345 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage loans |
426 | 297 | 723 | 985 | 688 | 1,673 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer loans |
(6 | ) | 405 | 399 | 31 | 1,361 | 1,392 | |||||||||||||||||
| Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
— | 27 | 27 | (4 | ) | 66 | 62 | |||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold and other short-term investments |
(2,509 | ) | 4,248 | 1,739 | (4,940 | ) | 15,390 | 10,450 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income |
(575 | ) | 9,487 | 8,912 | 631 | 34,091 | 34,722 | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest bearing demand |
$ | (34 | ) | $ | 495 | $ | 461 | $ | (32 | ) | $ | 1,866 | 1,834 | |||||||||||
| Savings and money market accounts |
(25 | ) | 3,408 | 3,383 | (22 | ) | 9,602 | 9,580 | ||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits |
407 | 2,188 | 2,595 | 477 | 4,456 | 4,933 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other borrowed funds |
— | — | — | (409 | ) | 56 | (353 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Total interest expense |
348 | 6,091 | 6,439 | 14 | 15,980 | 15,994 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income |
$ | (923 | ) | $ | 3,396 | $ | 2,473 | $ | 617 | $ | 18,111 | $ | 18,728 | |||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses: The provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was a benefit of $150,000 compared to $0 for the same period in 2022. Net loan recoveries were $42,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to net loan recoveries of $190,000 in the same period in 2022. The provision for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $150,000 compared to a provision benefit of $1.5 million for the same period in 2022. Net loan recoveries were $90,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $432,000 in the same period in 2022. Total loans increased by $113.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 which, on its own, created a need for provision expense; however, the economic forecast used in our calculation improved slightly from January 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023, thereby partially offsetting the amount of necessary provision expense due to loan portfolio growth.
Gross loan recoveries were $83,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and $236,000 for the same period in 2022. In the three months ended September 30, 2023, we had $41,000 in gross loan charge-offs, compared to $46,000 in the same period in 2022. Gross loan recoveries were $174,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and $573,000 for the same period in 2022. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we had $84,000 in gross loan charge-offs, compared to $141,000 in the same period in 2022.
We adopted CECL effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the probable incurred loss accounting standards. The transition adjustment of the CECL adoption included an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $1.5 million, $62,000 to establish a reserve for unfunded commitments and a $1.2 million decrease to retained earnings to reflect the cumulative effect of adoption of CECL, with the $323,000 tax impact portion being recorded as part of the deferred tax asset on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The amounts of provision for credit losses in each period were the result of establishing our allowance for credit losses at levels believed necessary based upon our methodology for determining the adequacy of the allowance. The provision for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was impacted by net reductions to certain qualitative factors that had been elevated in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. More information about our allowance for credit losses and our methodology for establishing its level may be found under the heading "Allowance for Credit Losses" below.
Noninterest Income: Noninterest income for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 was $4.6 million and $13.8 million compared to $4.9 million and $15.0 million for the same periods in 2022, respectively. The components of noninterest income are shown in the table below (in thousands):
| Three Months |
Three Months |
Nine Months |
Nine Months |
|||||||||||||
| Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
|||||||||||||
| September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
|||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
2023 |
2022 |
|||||||||||||
| Service charges and fees on deposit accounts |
$ | 1,061 | $ | 1,263 | $ | 3,072 | $ | 3,693 | ||||||||
| Net gains on mortgage loans |
5 | 166 | 37 | 673 | ||||||||||||
| Trust fees |
1,109 | 969 | 3,277 | 3,153 | ||||||||||||
| ATM and debit card fees |
1,675 | 1,724 | 5,077 | 5,084 | ||||||||||||
| Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income |
239 | 217 | 660 | 687 | ||||||||||||
| Investment services fees |
406 | 339 | 1,096 | 997 | ||||||||||||
| Other income |
121 | 211 | 537 | 698 | ||||||||||||
| Total noninterest income |
$ | 4,616 | $ | 4,889 | $ | 13,756 | $ | 14,985 | ||||||||
Service charges on deposit accounts decreased by $202,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022 and were down $621,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 largely due to higher earnings credit offsets for treasury management accounts. Net gains on mortgage loans were down $161,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 and were down $636,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 as a result of changes in the volume of loans originated for sale. Mortgage rates increased sharply throughout 2022 and throughout 2023, causing a reduction in mortgage volume compared to 2022. In addition, more of our origination volume in the first three and nine months of 2023 was held in portfolio. Mortgage loans originated for sale in the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $284,000, compared to $6.5 million in the same period in 2022. For the first nine months of 2023, mortgage loans originated for sale were $2.9 million, compared to $25.0 million for the same period in 2022.
Trust fees were up $140,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022 and were up $124,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The changes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were largely due to changes in market valuations of underlying trust investments. ATM and debit card fees were stable in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same periods in 2022. Investment services fees were up $67,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 and were up $99,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. These variances were largely reflective of investment market conditions during these periods. Other income was down $90,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 and was down $161,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease in both periods was due to no rental income from other real estate owned being recognized in the 2023 periods as we sold our last other real estate owned property in the first quarter of 2023.
Noninterest Expense: Noninterest expense increased by $662,000 to $12.8 million for the three month period ended September 30, 2023 as compared to $12.1 million for the same period in 2022. Noninterest expense increased by $1.8 million to $37.6 million for the nine month period ended September 30, 2023 compared to $35.8 million for the same period in 2022. The components of noninterest expense are shown in the table below (in thousands):
| Three Months |
Three Months |
Nine Months |
Nine Months |
|||||||||||||
| Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
|||||||||||||
| September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
|||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
2023 |
2022 |
|||||||||||||
| Salaries and benefits |
$ | 6,949 | $ | 6,639 | $ | 20,490 | $ | 19,331 | ||||||||
| Occupancy of premises |
1,024 | 989 | 3,260 | 3,232 | ||||||||||||
| Furniture and equipment |
1,050 | 1,014 | 3,145 | 3,017 | ||||||||||||
| Legal and professional |
355 | 268 | 973 | 733 | ||||||||||||
| Marketing and promotion |
225 | 196 | 648 | 586 | ||||||||||||
| Data processing |
1,002 | 984 | 2,963 | 2,792 | ||||||||||||
| FDIC assessment |
330 | 201 | 990 | 578 | ||||||||||||
| Interchange and other card expense |
426 | 405 | 1,212 | 1,184 | ||||||||||||
| Bond and D&O insurance |
123 | 129 | 366 | 389 | ||||||||||||
| Outside services |
487 | 502 | 1,427 | 1,516 | ||||||||||||
| Other noninterest expense |
818 | 800 | 2,153 | 2,420 | ||||||||||||
| Total noninterest expense |
$ | 12,789 | $ | 12,127 | $ | 37,627 | $ | 35,778 | ||||||||
Most categories of noninterest expense were relatively unchanged compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 due to our ongoing efforts to manage expenses and scale our operations. Our largest component of noninterest expense, salaries and benefits, increased by $310,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 from the same period in 2022. This increase was primarily due to higher base compensation, higher variable compensation, higher medical costs and lower salary deferral from commercial loan originations partially offset by lower variable compensation tied to lower mortgage production. Salaries and benefits increased by $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due to the same combination of factors. The table below identifies the primary components of salaries and benefits (in thousands):
| Three Months |
Three Months |
Nine Months |
Nine Months |
|||||||||||||
| Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
Ended |
|||||||||||||
| September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
September 30, |
|||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
2023 |
2022 |
|||||||||||||
| Salaries and other compensation |
$ | 6,138 | $ | 5,878 | $ | 18,117 | 17,277 | |||||||||
| Salary deferral from commercial loan originations |
(171 | ) | (211 | ) | (531 | ) | (644 | ) | ||||||||
| Bonus accrual |
287 | 344 | 862 | 786 | ||||||||||||
| Mortgage production - variable comp |
125 | 91 | 314 | 376 | ||||||||||||
| 401k matching contributions |
195 | 187 | 603 | 586 | ||||||||||||
| Medical insurance costs |
375 | 350 | 1,125 | 950 | ||||||||||||
| Total salaries and benefits |
$ | 6,949 | $ | 6,639 | $ | 20,490 | $ | 19,331 | ||||||||
Legal and professional fees were up $87,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 and were up $240,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022 due to costs associated with new accounting and proxy disclosures as well as regulatory compliance matters related to loan and deposit accounts referred to legal counsel during the period. Data processing expenses were up $18,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 and were up $171,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due to inflationary increases imposed by software providers and heavier use of electronic banking channels by our customers. FDIC assessment costs were up $129,000 in the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 and were up $412,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due to higher assessment rates imposed by the FDIC on all banks. Other noninterest expense was down $267,000 in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 largely due to the $356,000 net gain recognized on the sale of our last remaining other real estate owned property during the first quarter of 2023.
Federal Income Tax Expense: We recorded $2.8 million and $8.3 million in federal income tax expense for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 compared to $2.5 million and $5.4 million for the same periods in 2022. Our effective tax rates for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 were 19.75% and 19.85% compared to 19.67% and 19.20% for the same periods in 2022.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Total assets were $2.76 billion at September 30, 2023, a decrease of $147.2 million from December 31, 2022. This decrease was caused primarily by a decrease in total deposits of $169.6 million at September 30, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022, with all of this deposit decrease occurring in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: Our cash and cash equivalents, which include federal funds sold and short-term investments, were $510.5 million at September 30, 2023 compared to $755.2 million at December 31, 2022. The decrease in these balances primarily related to an increase in our loan portfolio as well as a reduction in deposit balances.
Securities: Debt securities available for sale were $503.3 million at September 30, 2023 compared to $499.3 million at December 31, 2022. The balance at September 30, 2023 primarily consisted of U.S. agency securities, agency mortgage backed securities and various municipal investments. Our held to maturity portfolio was $330.0 million at September 30, 2023 compared to $348.8 million at December 31, 2022. Our held to maturity portfolio is comprised of U.S. Treasury securities and state, municipal and privately placed commercial bonds.
We classify privately placed municipal and commercial bonds as held to maturity as they are typically non-transferable in the bond market. In addition, we generally classify short-term U.S. Treasury securities as held to maturity. Typically the final maturity on these short-term Treasury securities is three years or less. Longer-term Treasury securities and all other marketable debt securities are generally classified as available for sale.
At September 30, 2023, the overall duration of our debt security available for sale portfolio was 2.83 years and the overall duration of our debt security held to maturity portfolio was 1.87 years and were similar to durations for these portfolios before the pandemic. Net unrealized losses on debt securities available for sale increased by $2.5 million from $40.1 million at December 31, 2022 to $42.6 million at September 30, 2023. Net unrealized losses on debt securities held to maturity decreased by $570,000 from $16.1 million at December 31, 2022 to $15.5 million at September 30, 2023. Our overall bond portfolio will provide $389.5 million in liquidity through maturities and scheduled paydowns over the next 24 months ending September 30, 2025.
Per U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, unrealized gains or losses on debt securities available for sale are reflected on the balance sheet in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), while unrealized gains or losses on debt securities held to maturity are not reflected on the balance sheet in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Portfolio Loans and Asset Quality: Total portfolio loans increased by $113.5 million in the first nine months of 2023 and were $1.29 billion at September 30, 2023 compared to $1.18 billion at December 31, 2022. During the first nine months of 2023, our commercial portfolio increased by $76.2 million. During the same period, our consumer portfolio decreased by $3.9 million and our residential mortgage portfolio increased by $41.3 million.
Mortgage loans originated for portfolio are typically adjustable rate loans as well as fixed rate loans that conform to secondary market requirements and have a term of fifteen years or less. However, given the significant increase in residential mortgage rates, we have increased the percentage of our longer term fixed rate mortgage production that we hold in portfolio as they will typically have lower duration due to refinancings that occur when interest rates decline. Mortgage loans originated for portfolio in the first nine months of 2023 increased $19.7 million compared to the same period in 2022, from $43.4 million in the first nine months of 2022 to $63.1 million in the same period in 2023.
The volume of residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the first nine months of 2023 decreased $22.1 million compared to the same period in 2022. Residential mortgage loans originated for sale were $2.9 million in the first nine months of 2023 compared to $25.0 million in the first nine months of 2022.
The following table shows our loan origination activity for loans to be held in portfolio during the first nine months of 2023 and 2022, broken out by loan type and also shows average originated loan size (dollars in thousands):
| Nine months ended September 30, 2023 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Percent of |
Percent of |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Portfolio | Total | Average | Portfolio | Total | Average | |||||||||||||||||||
| Originations |
Originations |
Loan Size |
Originations |
Originations |
Loan Size |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed |
$ | 5,216 | 1.6 | % | $ | 1,304 | $ | 6,177 | 1.7 | % | $ | 562 | ||||||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers |
— | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved |
8,977 | 2.7 | 748 | 10,162 | 2.8 | 1,270 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial development |
— | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Residential improved |
35,440 | 10.7 | 466 | 46,652 | 12.6 | 583 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial improved |
15,353 | 4.6 | 548 | 45,620 | 12.4 | 1,342 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial |
16,886 | 5.1 | 1,689 | 55,138 | 14.9 | 2,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial real estate |
81,872 | 24.7 | 630 | 163,749 | 44.4 | 1,056 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial |
153,803 | 46.5 | 1,337 | 115,730 | 31.3 | 827 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial and commercial real estate |
235,675 | 71.2 | 962 | 279,479 | 75.7 | 947 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage |
63,053 | 19.1 | 306 | 43,381 | 11.8 | 319 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Unsecured |
5 | — | 5 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Home equity |
30,175 | 9.1 | 119 | 44,765 | 12.1 | 129 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other secured |
2,135 | 0.6 | 44 | 1,616 | 0.4 | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total consumer |
95,368 | 28.8 | 187 | 89,762 | 24.3 | 172 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans |
$ | 331,043 | 100.0 | % | $ | 439 | $ | 369,241 | 100.0 | % | $ | 451 | ||||||||||||
Overall, the commercial loan portfolio increased $76.2 million in the first nine months of 2023. Our commercial and industrial portfolio increased by $46.5 million while our commercial real estate loans increased by $29.7 million. While overall originations as shown in the table above were down compared to the first nine months of 2022, our on-balance-sheet commercial loan balances grew since year end 2022. This largely resulted from the funding of various construction projects originating in 2022, adding new commercial loan relationships in 2023, and higher usage of approved commercial lines by our commercial borrowers. This utilization was up $51.1 million from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023.
We also have a significant amount of unfunded commercial lines of credit, that can be drawn on by our commercial loan customers. The table below shows the total commitment, the unused portion and the percentage of unused to total commitment at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, |
December 31, |
|||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
|||||||
| Commercial - Lines of credit commitments |
$ | 1,034,085 | $ | 1,021,795 | ||||
| Commercial - Unused portion of lines of credit |
561,171 | 612,317 | ||||||
| Commercial - Unused lines of credit to total commitment |
54.27 | % | 59.93 | % | ||||
Total commercial lines of credit commitments increased by $12.3 million from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023.
Commercial and commercial real estate loans remained our largest loan segment and accounted for approximately 81.7% and 83.2% of the total loan portfolio at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Residential mortgage and consumer loans comprised approximately 18.3% and 16.8% of total loans at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
A further breakdown of the composition of the loan portfolio is shown in the table below (in thousands):
| September 30, 2023 |
December 31, 2022 |
|||||||||||||||
| Percent of |
Percent of |
|||||||||||||||
| Balance |
Total Loans |
Balance |
Total Loans |
|||||||||||||
| Commercial real estate: (1) |
||||||||||||||||
| Residential developed |
$ | 5,040 | 0.4 | % | $ | 7,234 | 0.6 | % | ||||||||
| Unsecured to residential developers |
800 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Vacant and unimproved |
37,084 | 2.9 | 36,270 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||
| Commercial development |
89 | — | 103 | — | ||||||||||||
| Residential improved |
116,407 | 9.0 | 112,791 | 9.6 | ||||||||||||
| Commercial improved |
257,673 | 20.0 | 259,281 | 22.0 | ||||||||||||
| Manufacturing and industrial |
150,192 | 11.6 | 121,924 | 10.4 | ||||||||||||
| Total commercial real estate |
567,285 | 43.9 | 537,603 | 45.7 | ||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial |
488,224 | 37.8 | 441,716 | 37.5 | ||||||||||||
| Total commercial and commercial real estate |
1,055,509 | 81.7 | 979,319 | 83.2 | ||||||||||||
| Consumer |
||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage |
180,420 | 14.0 | 139,148 | 11.8 | ||||||||||||
| Unsecured |
113 | — | 121 | — | ||||||||||||
| Home equity |
51,798 | 4.0 | 56,321 | 4.8 | ||||||||||||
| Other secured |
3,450 | 0.3 | 2,839 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||
| Total consumer |
235,781 | 18.3 | 198,429 | 16.8 | ||||||||||||
| Total loans |
$ | 1,291,290 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,177,748 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
| (1) |
Includes both owner occupied and non-owner occupied commercial real estate. |
Commercial real estate loans accounted for 43.9% and 45.7% of the total loan portfolio at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and consisted primarily of loans to business owners and developers of owner and non-owner occupied commercial properties and loans to developers of single and multi-family residential properties. In the table above, we show our commercial real estate portfolio by loans secured by residential and commercial real estate, and by stage of development. Improved loans are generally secured by properties that are under construction or completed and placed in use. Development loans are secured by properties that are in the process of development or fully developed. Vacant and unimproved loans are secured by raw land for which development has not yet begun and agricultural land.
The non-owner occupied portion of the commercial real estate portfolio totaled $43.8 million at September 30, 2023. Of this total, $29.7 million was secured by office property. Within this office property category, only nine loans totaling $2.0 million come up for maturity or renewal in the next 18 months. All of these loans secured by office property are well-secured, performing and have acceptable occupancy rates under our standards.
Our consumer residential mortgage loan portfolio, which also includes residential construction loans made to individual homeowners, comprised 14.0% of portfolio loans at September 30, 2023 and 11.8% at December 31, 2022. We expect to continue to retain in our loan portfolio certain types of residential mortgage loans (primarily high quality, low loan-to-value loans) in an effort to continue to diversify our credit risk and deploy our excess liquidity.
The following table shows our residential mortgage loan portfolio broken down by fixed and variable rate (in thousands):
| September 30, |
December 31, |
|||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
|||||||
| Fixed rate residential mortgage loans |
$ | 80,252 | $ | 64,797 | ||||
| Variable rate residential mortgage loans |
100,168 | 74,351 | ||||||
| Total residential mortgage loans |
$ | 180,420 | $ | 139,148 | ||||
Our portfolio of other consumer loans includes loans secured by personal property and home equity fixed term and line of credit loans. This portfolio decreased by $3.9 million to $55.4 million at September 30, 2023 from $59.3 million at December 31, 2022. These other consumer loans comprised 4.3% of our portfolio loans at September 30, 2023 and 5.0% at December 31, 2022.
Given that current industry credit conditions are tightening, we expect industry pricing will increase in response to cost of funds increases and we will continue to respond accordingly.
Our loan portfolio is reviewed regularly by our senior management, our loan officers, and an internal loan review team that is independent of our loan originators and credit administration. An administrative loan committee consisting of senior management and seasoned lending and collections personnel meets quarterly to manage our internal watch list and proactively manage high risk loans.
When reasonable doubt exists concerning collectability of interest or principal of one of our loans, the loan is placed in nonaccrual status. Any interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed and charged against current earnings.
Nonperforming assets are comprised of nonperforming loans, foreclosed assets and repossessed assets. At September 30, 2023, nonperforming assets totaled just $1,000, down $77,000 from $78,000 at December 31, 2022. There were no additions to other real estate owned in the first nine months of 2023 or in the first nine months of 2022. At September 30, 2023, there were no loans in foreclosure, so we expect there to be few, if any, additions to other real estate owned in the remainder of 2023. Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties were $2.7 million in the first nine months of 2023, resulting in net realized gains on sales of $356,000. Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties were $47,000 in the first nine months of 2022, resulting in $47,000 in net realized gains on sales. With the sale of foreclosed properties in the first nine months of 2023, we have no remaining other real estate owned at September 30, 2023.
Nonperforming loans include loans on nonaccrual status and loans delinquent more than 90 days but still accruing. Nonperforming loans at September 30, 2023 consisted of $1,000 of residential mortgage loans. As of September 30, 2023, nonperforming loans totaled $1,000, or 0.00008% of total portfolio loans, compared to $78,000, or 0.01% of total portfolio loans, at December 31, 2022.
Foreclosed and repossessed assets include assets acquired in settlement of loans. Foreclosed assets totaled $0 at September 30, 2023 and $2.3 million at December 31, 2022. All properties acquired through or in lieu of foreclosure are initially transferred at their fair value less estimated costs to sell and then evaluated monthly for impairment after transfer using a lower of cost or market approach. Updated property valuations are obtained at least annually on all foreclosed assets.
The following table shows the composition and amount of our nonperforming assets (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, |
December 31, |
|||||||
| 2023 |
2022 |
|||||||
| Nonaccrual loans |
$ | 1 | $ | 78 | ||||
| Loans 90 days or more delinquent and still accruing |
— | — | ||||||
| Total nonperforming loans (NPLs) |
1 | 78 | ||||||
| Foreclosed assets |
— | 2,343 | ||||||
| Repossessed assets |
— | — | ||||||
| Total nonperforming assets (NPAs) |
$ | 1 | $ | 2,421 | ||||
| NPLs to total loans |
0.00008 | % | 0.01 | % | ||||
| NPAs to total assets |
0.00004 | % | 0.08 | % | ||||
We adopted ASU 2022-02 effective January 1, 2023. This standard eliminated the previous troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") accounting model and replaced it with guidance and disclosure requirements for identifying modifications to loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table shows the balance of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| September 30, 2023 |
||||||||||||
| Outstanding |
Percentage to |
|||||||||||
| Number of |
Recorded |
Total |
||||||||||
| Loans |
Balance |
Loans |
||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial |
3 | $ | 266 | 0.05 | % | |||||||
| Commercial real estate |
3 | 493 | 0.09 | % | ||||||||
| Consumer |
31 | 2,690 | 1.14 | % | ||||||||
| 37 | $ | 3,449 | 0.27 | % | ||||||||
Allowance for credit losses: The allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2023 was $17.0 million, an increase of $1.7 million from $15.3 million at December 31, 2022. The allowance for credit losses represented 1.32% of total portfolio loans at September 30, 2023 and 1.30% at December 31, 2022. The allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loan coverage ratio increased from 19,596.2% at December 31, 2022 to 1,700,100.0% at September 30, 2023.
We adopted the Current Expected Credit Loss ("CECL") standard effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the probable incurred loss accounting standards. The transition adjustment of the CECL adoption included an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $1.5 million, $62,000 to establish a reserve for unfunded commitments and a $1.2 million decrease to retained earnings to reflect the cumulative effect of adoption of CECL, with the $323,000 tax impact portion being recorded as part of the deferred tax asset on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The table below shows the changes in certain credit metrics over the past five quarters (dollars in thousands):
| Quarter Ended |
Quarter Ended |
Quarter Ended |
Quarter Ended |
Quarter Ended |
||||||||||||||||
| September 30, |
June 30, |
March 31, |
December 31, |
September 30, |
||||||||||||||||
| 2023 |
2023 |
2023 |
2022 |
2022 |
||||||||||||||||
| Nonperforming loans |
$ | 1 | $ | 72 | $ | 75 | $ | 78 | $ | 85 | ||||||||||
| Other real estate owned and repo assets |
— | — | — | 2,343 | 2,343 | |||||||||||||||
| Total nonperforming assets |
1 | 72 | 75 | 2,421 | 2,428 | |||||||||||||||
| Net charge-offs (recoveries) |
(42 | ) | (15 | ) | (33 | ) | (89 | ) | (190 | ) | ||||||||||
| Total delinquencies |
— | 158 | 277 | 172 | 84 | |||||||||||||||
At September 30, 2023, we had net loan recoveries in thirty-three of the past thirty-five quarters. Our total delinquencies were $0 at September 30, 2023 and $172,000 at December 31, 2022.
The allowance for credit losses increased $1.7 million in the first nine months of 2023. As discussed above, the increase in the first nine months of 2023 was primarily due to the effect of adopting CECL on January 1, 2023. We recorded a provision for credit losses expense of $150,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to a provision benefit of $1.5 million for the same period of 2022. Net loan recoveries were $90,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to net loan recoveries of $432,000 for the same period in 2022. The ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans was -0.01% on an annualized basis for the first nine months of 2023 and -0.05% for the first nine months of 2022.
While we have experienced low levels of gross charge-offs over recent quarters, we recognize that future charge-offs and resulting provisions for credit losses are expected to be impacted by the timing and extent of changes in the overall economy and the real estate markets.
The allowance for credit losses accounting in effect at December 31, 2022 and all prior periods was based on our estimate of probable incurred loan losses as of the reporting date ("incurred loss" methodology). Under the CECL methodology, our allowance is based on the total amount of credit losses that are expected over the remaining life of the loan portfolio. Our estimate of credit losses under CECL is determined using a complex model that relies on historical loss information including our own history as well as peer loss history, reasonable and supportable economic forecasts, and various qualitative factors.
The primary risk elements with respect to our commercial loans are the financial condition of the borrower, sufficiency of collateral and timeliness of scheduled payments. We have a policy of reviewing periodic financial statements from commercial loan customers and have a disciplined and formalized review of the existence of collateral and its value. The primary risk element with respect to residential and consumer loans is the timeliness of scheduled payments. We have a reporting process that monitors past due loans and have adopted policies to pursue creditors' rights in order to preserve our collateral position. Over the past several years, consumer delinquency has been nominal.
Under CECL, for commercial loans not identified as collateral dependent, we estimate the CECL reserve based on the internal risk grade of such loans. We use a loan rating method based upon an eight point system. Loans are stratified between real estate secured and non-real estate secured. The real estate secured portfolio is further stratified by the type of real estate. Each stratified portfolio is assigned a loss allocation factor. A higher numerical grade assigned to a loan category generally results in a greater allocation percentage. Changes in risk grade of loans affect the amount of the allowance allocation.
We believe our commercial portfolio is adequately diversified, with our largest commercial concentrations in Real Estate, Rental and Leasing (30%), followed by Manufacturing (15%) and Retail Trade (12%).
The table below breaks down our commercial loan portfolio by industry type at September 30, 2023 and identifies the percentage of loans in each type that have a pass rating within our grading system (4 or better) and criticized rating (5 or worse) (dollars in thousands):
| Percent of |
Percent Grade 4 |
Percent Grade 5 |
||||||||||||||
| Total |
Total Loans |
or Better |
or Worse |
|||||||||||||
| Industry: |
||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural Products |
$ | 39,358 | 3.73 | % | 92.57 | % | 7.43 | % | ||||||||
| Mining and Oil Extraction |
651 | 0.06 | % | 95.39 | % | 4.61 | % | |||||||||
| Construction |
76,111 | 7.21 | % | 97.71 | % | 2.29 | % | |||||||||
| Manufacturing |
159,959 | 15.15 | % | 97.90 | % | 2.10 | % | |||||||||
| Wholesale Trade |
64,624 | 6.12 | % | 100.00 | % | 0.00 | % | |||||||||
| Retail Trade |
131,064 | 12.42 | % | 99.97 | % | 0.03 | % | |||||||||
| Transportation and Warehousing |
65,958 | 6.25 | % | 99.96 | % | 0.04 | % | |||||||||
| Information |
448 | 0.04 | % | 0.00 | % | 100.00 | % | |||||||||
| Finance and Insurance |
34,696 | 3.29 | % | 100.00 | % | 0.00 | % | |||||||||
| Real Estate and Rental and Leasing |
316,957 | 30.03 | % | 99.74 | % | 0.26 | % | |||||||||
| Professional, Scientific and Technical Services |
5,896 | 0.56 | % | 96.96 | % | 3.04 | % | |||||||||
| Management of Companies and Enterprises |
2,011 | 0.19 | % | 100.00 | % | 0.00 | % | |||||||||
| Administrative and Support Services |
25,721 | 2.44 | % | 98.26 | % | 1.74 | % | |||||||||
| Education Services |
4,084 | 0.39 | % | 100.00 | % | 0.00 | % | |||||||||
| Health Care and Social Assistance |
34,523 | 3.27 | % | 100.00 | % | 0.00 | % | |||||||||
| Arts, Entertainment and Recreation |
4,797 | 0.45 | % | 93.83 | % | 6.17 | % | |||||||||
| Accommodations and Food Services |
52,575 | 4.98 | % | 86.44 | % | 13.56 | % | |||||||||
| Other Services |
35,737 | 3.39 | % | 96.19 | % | 3.81 | % | |||||||||
| Total commercial loans |
$ | 1,055,509 | 100.00 | % | 98.22 | % | 1.78 | % | ||||||||
Considering our qualitative factors and our commercial loan portfolio balances, the general allowance allocated to commercial loans was $13.7 million at September 30, 2023 (under CECL) and $12.8 million at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss). The qualitative component of our allowance allocated to commercial loans was $11.7 million at September 30, 2023 (under CECL) compared to $12.7 million at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss). Under CECL, we use historical peer loss history so the quantitative component receives a higher allocation and, with the addition of reasonable and supportable forecast assumption under CECL in choosing the historical loss period, less qualitative allocations related to economic conditions are necessary.
Groups of homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate and open- and closed-end consumer loans, receive allowance allocations based on loan type. The determination of the allowance allocation percentage is based principally on peer historical loss experience under CECL. These allocations are adjusted for consideration of general economic and business conditions, credit quality and delinquency trends, collateral values, and recent loss experience for these similar pools of loans. The homogeneous allowance for credit losses for consumer loans was $3.3 million at September 30, 2023 (under CECL) and $2.2 million at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss).
Allowance for credit losses allocated to loans identified as collateral dependent were $0 at September 30, 2023 (under CECL). Allowance allocations for loans identified as impaired at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss) were $295,000.
The allowance allocations are not intended to imply limitations on usage of the allowance for credit losses. The entire allowance for credit losses is available for any loan loss without regard to loan type.
See Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies in this Form 10-Q for further descriptions of our allowance for credit loss estimation process. See also Note 3 - Loans in this Form 10-Q for further information regarding our loan portfolio and allowance.
Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment totaled $39.4 million at September 30, 2023, down $907,000 from $40.3 million at December 31, 2022.
Bank-Owned Life Insurance: Bank-owned life insurance increased $698,000 from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 due to earnings on the underlying policies.
Deposits and Other Borrowings: Total deposits decreased $169.6 million to $2.45 billion at September 30, 2023, as compared to $2.62 billion at December 31, 2022. While the Bank experienced a decline in deposit balances during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, most of the decline took place prior to early March 2023. We experienced a seasonal run up in business deposits of about $90 million in December 2022, which were withdrawn in January 2023. In addition, a couple of large business customers withdrew deposits totaling nearly $90 million in early March 2023 for specific designated purposes. We saw very little change in our deposit balances overall following the March 2023 news of certain bank failures and banking system disruption. Total deposits increased $124.0 million from June 30, 2023 to September 30, 2023.
Our deposit base is primarily made up of many small accounts, and balances at September 30, 2023 were comprised of 42% personal customers and 58% business customers. Within our business customer base, there is no significant specific industry concentration. Our core deposits - which we define as deposits we have sourced within our local markets - represented 100% of our total deposits at September 30, 2023. Our total balances of $2.45 billion at September 30, 2023 remain elevated, reflecting a $740.2 million increase, or 43%, over pre-pandemic totals of $1.71 billion as of March 31, 2020.
Non-interest checking account balances decreased $181.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Interest bearing demand account balances decreased $100.2 million and savings and money market account balances decreased $75.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as municipal and business customers have begun deploying their excess balances they carried during the pandemic, including stimulus funding. Certificates of deposits increased by $187.4 million in the first nine months of 2023 reflecting our increases in offered interest rates, particularly in the 12-18 month term. We believe our success in maintaining the balances of personal and business checking and savings accounts was primarily attributable to our focus on quality customer service, the desire of customers to deal with a local bank, the convenience of our branch network and the breadth and depth of our sophisticated product line.
Noninterest bearing demand accounts comprised 26.7% of total deposits at September 30, 2023 and 31.9% of total deposits at December 31, 2022. In recent years, because of the generally low rates paid on interest bearing account alternatives, many of our business customers chose to keep their balances in these more liquid noninterest bearing demand account types. We have begun to see some of these balances move to higher earning deposit types. Interest bearing demand, including money market and savings accounts, comprised 61.7% of total deposits at September 30, 2023 and 64.4% at December 31, 2022. Time deposits as a percentage of total deposits were 11.6% at September 30, 2023 and 3.7% at December 31, 2022.
Deposit balances in excess of the $250,000 FDIC insured limit totaled approximately $1.10 billion, or 45% of total deposits, at September 30, 2023 and approximately $1.21 billion, or 46% of total deposits, at December 31, 2022. We have sufficient liquid resources to cover all of the uninsured balances at September 30, 2023.
Borrowed funds at September 30, 2023 consisted of $30.0 million of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances. Borrowed funds at December 31, 2022 consisted of $30.0 million of FHLB advances. At September 30, 2023, we had total borrowing capacity of $964.5 million, including $263.7 million in unused availability with the FHLB, $65.0 million in available fed funds facilities with correspondent banks, $1.3 million in availability at the FRB Discount Window and the $634.4 million in availability in the FRB Bank Term Funding Program.
CAPITAL RESOURCES
Total shareholders' equity of $269.9 million at September 30, 2023 reflected an increase of $22.8 million from $247.0 million at December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily a result of net income of $33.7 million earned in the first nine months of 2023 and a negative swing of $2.0 in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), partially offset by payments of $8.2 million in cash dividends to shareholders and a $1.2 million reduction from adoption of the ASU 2016-13 CECL standard on January 1, 2023. The negative swing in AOCI was attributable to changes in market interest rates on bonds during the first nine months of 2023 causing a decrease in market value on our investment securities available for sale. The Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” at September 30, 2023. The amount of capital retained by the Bank in excess of well capitalized minimums was $139.7 million at September 30, 2023.
Capital guidelines for U.S. banks are commonly known as Basel III guidelines. The rules include a common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio (CET1 ratio) of 4.5% and a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, effectively resulting in a minimum CET1 ratio of 7.0%. The Basel III minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets is 6.0% (which, with the capital conservation buffer, effectively results in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%), and the minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio is 10.5% (with the capital conservation buffer), and Basel III requires a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%. The capital ratios for the Company and the Bank under Basel III have continued to exceed the well capitalized minimum capital requirements.
The following table shows our regulatory capital ratios (on a consolidated basis) for the past several quarters:
| September 30, |
June 30, |
March 31, |
December 31, |
September 30, |
||||||||||||||||
| Macatawa Bank Corporation |
2023 |
2023 |
2023 |
2022 |
2022 |
|||||||||||||||
| Total capital to risk weighted assets |
18.7 | % | 18.2 | % | 18.1 | % | 17.9 | % | 17.6 | % | ||||||||||
| Common Equity Tier 1 to risk weighted assets |
17.7 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 16.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets |
17.7 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 16.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital to average assets |
10.9 | 11.1 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 9.3 | |||||||||||||||
LIQUIDITY
Liquidity of Macatawa Bank: The liquidity of a financial institution reflects its ability to manage a variety of sources and uses of funds. Our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows categorize these sources and uses into operating, investing and financing activities. We primarily focus on developing access to a variety of borrowing sources to supplement our deposit gathering activities and provide funds for our investment and loan portfolios. Our sources of liquidity include our borrowing capacity with the FRB's discount window, the FHLB, federal funds purchased lines of credit and other secured borrowing sources with our correspondent banks, the FRB Bank Term Funding Program, loan payments by our borrowers, maturity and sales of our securities available for sale, maturities of our securities held to maturity, growth of our deposits, federal funds sold and other short-term investments, and the various capital resources discussed above.
Liquidity management involves the ability to meet the cash flow requirements of our customers. Our customers may be either borrowers with credit needs or depositors wanting to withdraw funds. Our liquidity management involves periodic monitoring of our assets considered to be liquid and illiquid, and our funding sources considered to be core and non-core and short-term (less than 12 months) and long-term. We have established parameters that monitor, among other items, our level of liquid assets to short-term liabilities, our level of non-core funding reliance and our level of available borrowing capacity. We maintain a diversified wholesale funding structure and actively manage our maturing wholesale sources to reduce the risk of liquidity shortages. We have also developed a contingency funding plan to stress test our liquidity requirements arising from certain events that may trigger liquidity shortages, such as rapid loan growth in excess of normal growth levels or the loss of deposits and other funding sources under extreme circumstances.
We have actively pursued initiatives to maintain a strong liquidity position. We have had no brokered deposits on our balance sheet since December 2011. We continue to maintain significant on-balance sheet liquidity. At September 30, 2023, we held $469.8 million of federal funds sold and other short-term investments. In addition, we had available borrowing capacity from correspondent banks, including the Bank Term Funding Program, of approximately $964.5 million as of September 30, 2023. Finally, because we have maintained the discipline of buying shorter-term bond durations in our investment securities portfolio, we have $389.5 million in bond maturities and paydowns coming to us in the next 24 months ending September 30, 2025.
In addition to normal loan funding, we also maintain liquidity to meet customer financing needs through unused lines of credit, unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit. The level and fluctuation of these commitments is also considered in our overall liquidity management. At September 30, 2023, we had a total of $715.1 million in unused lines of credit, $83.5 million in unfunded loan commitments and $10.0 million in standby letters of credit.
Liquidity of Holding Company: The primary sources of liquidity for the Company are dividends from the Bank, existing cash resources and the capital markets if the need to raise additional capital arises. Banking regulations and the laws of the State of Michigan in which our Bank is chartered limit the amount of dividends the Bank may declare and pay to the Company in any calendar year. Under the state law limitations, the Bank is restricted from paying dividends to the Company in excess of retained earnings. In 2022, the Bank paid dividends to the Company totaling $11.9 million. In the same period, the Company paid $10.9 million in dividends to its shareholders. On February 27, 2023, the Bank paid a dividend totaling $3.1 million to the Company in anticipation of the common share cash dividend of $0.08 per share paid on February 28, 2023 to shareholders of record on February 13, 2023. The cash distributed for this cash dividend payment totaled $2.7 million. On May 29, 2023, the Bank paid a dividend totaling $3.1 million to the Company in anticipation of the common share cash dividend of $0.08 per share paid on May 30, 2023 to shareholders of record on May 15, 2023. The cash distributed for this cash dividend payment totaled $2.7 million. On August 29, 2023, the Bank paid a dividend totaling $3.1 million to the Company in anticipation of the common share cash dividend of $0.08 per share paid on August 30, 2023 to shareholders of record on August 15, 2023. The cash distributed for this cash dividend payment totaled $2.7 million. The Company retained the remaining balance in each period for general corporate purposes. At September 30, 2023, the Bank had a retained earnings balance of $130.4 million.
The Company’s cash balance at September 30, 2023 was $8.7 million. The Company believes that it has sufficient liquidity to meet its cash flow obligations.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES:
To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and future results could differ. The allowance for credit losses, loss contingencies and income taxes are deemed critical due to the required level of management judgment and the use of estimates, making them particularly subject to change.
Our methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses and the related provision for credit losses is described above in the "Allowance for Credit Losses" discussion. This area of accounting requires significant judgment due to the number of factors which can influence the collectability of a loan. Unanticipated changes in these factors could significantly change the level of the allowance for credit losses and the related provision for credit losses. Although, based upon our internal analysis, and in our judgment, we believe that we have provided an adequate allowance for credit losses, there can be no assurance that our analysis has properly identified all of the probable losses in our loan portfolio. As a result, we could record future provisions for credit losses that may be significantly different than the levels that we recorded in the first nine months of 2023.
Loss contingencies are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. This, too, is an accounting area that involves significant judgment. Although, based upon our judgment, internal analysis, and consultations with legal counsel we believe that we have properly accounted for loss contingencies, future changes in the status of such contingencies could result in a significant change in the level of contingent liabilities and a related impact to operating earnings.
Our accounting for income taxes involves the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily associated with differences in the timing of the recognition of revenues and expenses for financial reporting and tax purposes. At September 30, 2023, we had gross deferred tax assets of $12.9 million and gross deferred tax liabilities of $2.7 million resulting in a net deferred tax asset of $10.2 million. Accounting standards require that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against their deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a "more likely than not" standard. We concluded at September 30, 2023 that no valuation allowance on our net deferred tax asset was required. Changes in tax laws, changes in tax rates, changes in ownership and our future level of earnings can impact the ultimate realization of our net deferred tax asset.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Our primary market risk exposures are interest rate risk and liquidity risk. All of our transactions are denominated in U.S. dollars with no specific foreign exchange exposure. Macatawa Bank has only limited agricultural-related loan assets, and therefore has no significant exposure to changes in commodity prices.
Our balance sheet has sensitivity, in various categories of assets and liabilities, to changes in prevailing rates in the U.S. for prime rate, mortgage rates, U.S. Treasury rates and various money market indexes. Our asset/liability management process aids us in providing liquidity while maintaining a balance between interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.
We utilize a simulation model as our primary tool to assess the direction and magnitude of variations in net interest income and the economic value of equity (“EVE”) resulting from potential changes in market interest rates. Key assumptions in the model include contractual cash flows and maturities of interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities, prepayment speeds on certain assets, and changes in market conditions impacting loan and deposit pricing. We also include pricing floors on discretionary priced liability products which limit how low various checking and savings products could go under declining interest rates. These floors reflect our pricing philosophy in response to changing interest rates.
We forecast the next twelve months of net interest income under an assumed environment of gradual changes in market interest rates under various scenarios. The resulting change in net interest income is an indication of the sensitivity of our earnings to directional changes in market interest rates. The simulation also measures the change in EVE, or the net present value of our assets and liabilities, under an immediate shift, or shock, in interest rates under various scenarios, as calculated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using market-based discount rates.
The following table shows the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income over the next twelve months and EVE based on our balance sheet as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| Economic |
||||||||||||||||
| Value of |
Percent |
Net Interest |
Percent |
|||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Scenario |
Equity |
Change |
Income |
Change |
||||||||||||
| Interest rates up 200 basis points |
$ | 396,181 | (6.14 | )% | $ | 100,041 | 2.23 | % | ||||||||
| Interest rates up 100 basis points |
408,847 | (3.14 | ) | 98,937 | 1.10 | |||||||||||
| No change |
422,095 | — | 97,856 | — | ||||||||||||
| Interest rates down 100 basis points |
433,229 | 2.64 | 96,009 | (1.98 | ) | |||||||||||
| Interest rates down 200 basis points |
427,293 | 1.23 | 91,021 | (6.98 | ) | |||||||||||
If interest rates were to increase, this analysis suggests that we are positioned for an improvement in net interest income over the next twelve months. If interest rates were to decrease, this analysis suggests we would experience a reduction in net interest income over the next twelve months.
We also forecast the impact of immediate and parallel interest rate shocks on net interest income under various scenarios to measure the sensitivity of our earnings under extreme conditions.
The quarterly simulation analysis is monitored against acceptable interest rate risk parameters by the Asset/Liability Committee and reported to the Board of Directors.
In addition to changes in interest rates, the level of future net interest income is also dependent on a number of other variables, including: the growth, composition and absolute levels of loans, deposits, and other earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities; economic and competitive conditions; potential changes in lending, investing and deposit gathering strategies; and client preferences.
See "Liquidity" above.
Item 4: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
| (a) |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) as of September 30, 2023, the end of the period covered by this report. |
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as the Company's are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating whether the benefits of the controls and procedures that the Company adopts outweigh their costs.
Our CEO and CFO, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report, have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms.
| (b) |
Changes in Internal Controls. During the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
The following table provides information regarding the Company’s purchase of its own common stock during the third quarter of 2023. All employee transactions are under stock compensation plans. These include shares of Macatawa Bank Corporation common stock surrendered to satisfy tax withholding obligations that occur upon the vesting of restricted shares. The value of the shares withheld is determined based on the closing price of Macatawa Bank Corporation common stock at the date of vesting. The Company has no publicly announced repurchase plans or programs.
| Total |
||||||||
| Number of |
Average |
|||||||
| Shares |
Price Paid |
|||||||
| Purchased |
Per Share |
|||||||
| Period |
||||||||
| July 1 - July 31, 2023 |
||||||||
| Employee Transactions |
— | $ | — | |||||
| August 1 - August 31, 2023 |
||||||||
| Employee Transactions |
— | $ | — | |||||
| September 1 - September 30, 2023 |
||||||||
| Employee Transactions |
— | $ | — | |||||
| Total for Third Quarter ended September 30, 2023 |
||||||||
| Employee Transactions |
— | $ | — | |||||
| 3.1 |
|
| 3.2 |
|
| 4.1 |
Restated Articles of Incorporation. Exhibit 3.1 is here incorporated by reference. |
| 4.2 |
|
| 4.3 |
Long-Term Debt. The registrant has outstanding long-term debt which at the time of this report does not exceed 10% of the registrant's total consolidated assets. The registrant agrees to furnish copies of the agreements defining the rights of holders of such long-term debt to the SEC upon request. |
| 31.1 |
|
| 31.2 |
|
| 32.1 |
|
| 101.INS |
Inline XBRL Instance Document |
| 101.SCH |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
| 101.CAL |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
| 101.DEF |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
| 101.LAB |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
| 101.PRE |
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
| 104 |
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Ronald L. Haan |
|
|
Ronald L. Haan |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jon W. Swets |
|
|
Jon W. Swets |
|
|
Senior Vice President and |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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|
|
| Dated: October 26, 2023 |
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