Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

LOANS

v3.5.0.2
LOANS
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
LOANS [Abstract]  
LOANS
NOTE 3 – LOANS

Portfolio loans were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
   
September 30,
2016
   
December 31,
2015
 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
423,102
   
$
377,298
 
                 
Commercial real estate:
               
Residential developed
   
12,784
     
10,448
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
4,736
     
7,372
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
38,417
     
42,881
 
Commercial development
   
380
     
559
 
Residential improved
   
71,903
     
67,922
 
Commercial improved
   
281,984
     
289,651
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
89,864
     
89,839
 
Total commercial real estate
   
500,068
     
508,672
 
                 
Consumer
               
Residential mortgage
   
216,763
     
209,972
 
Unsecured
   
454
     
637
 
Home equity
   
88,295
     
92,716
 
Other secured
   
7,713
     
8,637
 
Total consumer
   
313,225
     
311,962
 
                 
Total loans
   
1,236,395
     
1,197,932
 
Allowance for loan losses
   
(16,847
)
   
(17,081
)
   
$
1,219,548
   
$
1,180,851
 
 
Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment was as follows (dollars in thousands):

Three months ended September 30, 2016
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Beginning balance
 
$
4,960
   
$
8,065
   
$
3,894
   
$
40
   
$
16,959
 
Charge-offs
   
---
     
---
     
(46
)
   
---
     
(46
)
Recoveries
   
50
     
95
     
39
     
---
     
184
 
Provision for loan losses
   
515
     
(548
)
   
(190
)
   
(27
)
   
(250
)
Ending Balance
 
$
5,525
   
$
7,612
   
$
3,697
   
$
13
   
$
16,847
 
 
Three months ended September 30, 2015
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Beginning balance
 
$
6,381
   
$
7,940
   
$
3,831
   
$
30
   
$
18,182
 
Charge-offs
   
---
     
---
     
(170
)
   
---
     
(170
)
Recoveries
   
238
     
104
     
113
     
---
     
455
 
Provision for loan losses
   
(725
)
   
343
     
135
     
(3
)
   
(250
)
Ending Balance
 
$
5,894
   
$
8,387
   
$
3,909
   
$
27
   
$
18,217
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2016
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Beginning balance
 
$
4,826
   
$
8,457
   
$
3,761
   
$
37
   
$
17,081
 
Charge-offs
   
---
     
---
     
(158
)
   
---
     
(158
)
Recoveries
   
123
     
772
     
129
     
---
     
1,024
 
Provision for loan losses
   
576
     
(1,617
)
   
(35
)
   
(24
)
   
(1,100
)
Ending Balance
 
$
5,525
   
$
7,612
   
$
3,697
   
$
13
   
$
16,847
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2015
 
Commercial
 and
Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Beginning balance
 
$
6,173
   
$
8,690
   
$
4,046
   
$
53
   
$
18,962
 
Charge-offs
   
(172
)
   
---
     
(277
)
   
---
     
(449
)
Recoveries
   
365
     
829
     
260
     
---
     
1,454
 
Provision for loan losses
   
(472
)
   
(1,132
)
   
(120
)
   
(26
)
   
(1,750
)
Ending Balance
 
$
5,894
   
$
8,387
   
$
3,909
   
$
27
   
$
18,217
 
 
The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2016
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                             
Ending allowance attributable to loans:
                             
Individually reviewed for impairment
 
$
562
   
$
410
   
$
761
   
$
---
   
$
1,733
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
   
4,963
     
7,202
     
2,936
     
13
     
15,114
 
Total ending allowance balance
 
$
5,525
   
$
7,612
   
$
3,697
   
$
13
   
$
16,847
 
                                         
Loans:
                                       
Individually reviewed for impairment
 
$
5,778
   
$
12,627
   
$
12,350
   
$
---
   
$
30,755
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
   
417,324
     
487,441
     
300,875
     
---
     
1,205,640
 
Total ending loans balance
 
$
423,102
   
$
500,068
   
$
313,225
   
$
---
   
$
1,236,395
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                             
Ending allowance attributable to loans:
                             
Individually reviewed for impairment
 
$
673
   
$
436
   
$
829
   
$
---
   
$
1,938
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
   
4,153
     
8,021
     
2,932
     
37
     
15,143
 
Total ending allowance balance
 
$
4,826
   
$
8,457
   
$
3,761
   
$
37
   
$
17,081
 
                                         
Loans:
                                       
Individually reviewed for impairment
 
$
7,718
   
$
17,569
   
$
13,463
   
$
---
   
$
38,750
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
   
369,580
     
491,103
     
298,499
     
---
     
1,159,182
 
Total ending loans balance
 
$
377,298
   
$
508,672
   
$
311,962
   
$
---
   
$
1,197,932
 
 
The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans as of September 30, 2016 (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30, 2016
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Allowance
Allocated
 
With no related allowance recorded:
                 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
1,910
   
$
1,910
   
$
---
 
                         
Commercial real estate:
                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
186
     
186
     
---
 
Commercial development
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Residential improved
   
54
     
54
     
---
 
Commercial improved
   
1
     
1
     
---
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
241
     
241
     
---
 
Consumer:
                       
Residential mortgage
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Unsecured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Home equity
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
---
     
---
     
---
 
Total with no related allowance recorded
 
$
2,151
   
$
2,151
   
$
---
 
                         
With an allowance recorded:
                       
Commercial and industrial
 
$
3,868
   
$
3,868
   
$
562
 
                         
Commercial real estate:
                       
Residential developed
   
189
     
189
     
4
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
216
     
216
     
5
 
Commercial development
   
190
     
190
     
6
 
Residential improved
   
4,980
     
4,980
     
223
 
Commercial improved
   
6,578
     
6,578
     
165
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
233
     
233
     
7
 
     
12,386
     
12,386
     
410
 
Consumer:
                       
Residential mortgage
   
8,046
     
8,046
     
496
 
Unsecured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Home equity
   
4,304
     
4,304
     
265
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
12,350
     
12,350
     
761
 
Total with an allowance recorded
 
$
28,604
   
$
28,604
   
$
1,733
 
Total
 
$
30,755
   
$
30,755
   
$
1,733
 
 
The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans as of December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands):
 
December 31, 2015
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Allowance
Allocated
 
With no related allowance recorded:
                 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
2,736
   
$
2,736
   
$
---
 
                         
Commercial real estate:
                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
206
     
206
     
---
 
Commercial development
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Residential improved
   
5
     
5
     
---
 
Commercial improved
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
211
     
211
     
---
 
Consumer:
                       
Residential mortgage
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Unsecured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Home equity
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
---
     
---
     
---
 
Total with no related allowance recorded
 
$
2,947
   
$
2,947
   
$
---
 
                         
With an allowance recorded:
                       
Commercial and industrial
 
$
4,982
   
$
4,982
   
$
673
 
                         
Commercial real estate:
                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
247
     
247
     
7
 
Commercial development
   
192
     
192
     
6
 
Residential improved
   
5,254
     
5,254
     
140
 
Commercial improved
   
11,425
     
11,425
     
274
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
240
     
240
     
9
 
     
17,358
     
17,358
     
436
 
Consumer:
                       
Residential mortgage
   
8,655
     
8,655
     
533
 
Unsecured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Home equity
   
4,808
     
4,808
     
296
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
13,463
     
13,463
     
829
 
Total with an allowance recorded
 
$
35,803
   
$
35,803
   
$
1,938
 
Total
 
$
38,750
   
$
38,750
   
$
1,938
 
 
The following table presents information regarding average balances of impaired loans and interest recognized on impaired loans for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in thousands):

  
   
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2016
   
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2015
   
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2016
   
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2015
 
Average of impaired loans during the period:
                       
Commercial and industrial
 
$
5,093
   
$
5,416
   
$
6,489
   
$
7,401
 
                                 
Commercial real estate:
                               
Residential developed
   
126
     
507
     
42
     
709
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
418
     
1,028
     
433
     
1,311
 
Commercial development
   
190
     
193
     
191
     
195
 
Residential improved
   
5,156
     
6,241
     
5,396
     
6,974
 
Commercial improved
   
6,627
     
14,835
     
7,660
     
15,985
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
235
     
2,053
     
237
     
2,470
 
                                 
Consumer
   
12,501
     
14,090
     
12,828
     
14,485
 
                                 
Interest income recognized during impairment:
                               
Commercial and industrial
   
203
     
215
     
740
     
833
 
Commercial real estate
   
172
     
239
     
516
     
853
 
Consumer
   
112
     
119
     
350
     
383
 
                                 
Cash-basis interest income recognized
                               
Commercial and industrial
   
195
     
212
     
746
     
833
 
Commercial real estate
   
169
     
240
     
513
     
850
 
Consumer
   
111
     
120
     
346
     
387
 
 
Nonaccrual loans include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.  The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual by class of loans as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2016
 
Nonaccrual
   
Over 90
days
Accruing
 
             
Commercial and industrial
 
$
9
   
$
---
 
                 
Commercial real estate:
               
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
---
     
---
 
Commercial development
   
49
     
---
 
Residential improved
   
10
     
---
 
Commercial improved
   
133
     
---
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
---
     
---
 
     
192
     
---
 
Consumer:
               
Residential mortgage
   
2
     
---
 
Unsecured
   
19
     
---
 
Home equity
   
11
     
---
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
 
     
32
     
---
 
Total
 
$
233
   
$
---
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
Nonaccrual
   
Over 90
days
Accruing
 
             
Commercial and industrial
 
$
174
   
$
---
 
                 
Commercial real estate:
               
Residential developed
   
195
     
---
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
---
     
---
 
Commercial development
   
49
     
---
 
Residential improved
   
124
     
---
 
Commercial improved
   
157
     
---
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
---
     
---
 
     
525
     
---
 
Consumer:
               
Residential mortgage
   
2
     
---
 
Unsecured
   
28
     
---
 
Home equity
   
10
     
17
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
 
     
40
     
17
 
Total
 
$
739
   
$
17
 
 
The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by class of loans (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30, 2016
 
30-90
Days
   
Greater Than
90 Days
   
Total
Past Due
   
Loans Not
Past Due
   
Total
 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
---
   
$
---
   
$
---
   
$
423,102
   
$
423,102
 
                                         
Commercial real estate:
                                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
12,784
     
12,784
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
4,736
     
4,736
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
38,417
     
38,417
 
Commercial development
   
---
     
49
     
49
     
331
     
380
 
Residential improved
   
---
     
6
     
6
     
71,897
     
71,903
 
Commercial improved
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
281,984
     
281,984
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
89,864
     
89,864
 
     
---
     
55
     
55
     
500,013
     
500,068
 
Consumer:
                                       
Residential mortgage
   
272
     
---
     
272
     
216,491
     
216,763
 
Unsecured
   
13
     
---
     
13
     
441
     
454
 
Home equity
   
---
     
3
     
3
     
88,292
     
88,295
 
Other secured
   
2
     
---
     
2
     
7,711
     
7,713
 
     
287
     
3
     
290
     
312,935
     
313,225
 
Total
 
$
287
   
$
58
   
$
345
   
$
1,236,050
   
$
1,236,395
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
30-90
Days
   
Greater Than
90 Days
   
Total
Past Due
   
Loans Not
Past Due
   
Total
 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
719
   
$
100
   
$
819
   
$
376,479
   
$
377,298
 
                                         
Commercial real estate:
                                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
10,448
     
10,448
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
7,372
     
7,372
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
42,881
     
42,881
 
Commercial development
   
---
     
49
     
49
     
510
     
559
 
Residential improved
   
73
     
6
     
79
     
67,843
     
67,922
 
Commercial improved
   
375
     
---
     
375
     
289,276
     
289,651
 
Manufacturing and industrial
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
89,839
     
89,839
 
     
448
     
55
     
503
     
508,169
     
508,672
 
Consumer:
                                       
Residential mortgage
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
209,972
     
209,972
 
Unsecured
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
637
     
637
 
Home equity
   
32
     
17
     
49
     
92,667
     
92,716
 
Other secured
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
8,637
     
8,637
 
     
32
     
17
     
49
     
311,913
     
311,962
 
Total
 
$
1,199
   
$
172
   
$
1,371
   
$
1,196,561
   
$
1,197,932
 
 
The Company had allocated $1,733,000 and $1,938,000 of specific reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified in troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.  These loans may have involved the restructuring of terms to allow customers to mitigate the risk of foreclosure by meeting a lower loan payment requirement based upon their current cash flow.  These may also include loans that renewed at existing contractual rates, but below market rates for comparable credit.  The Company has been active at utilizing these programs and working with its customers to reduce the risk of foreclosure.  For commercial loans, these modifications typically include an interest only period and, in some cases, a lowering of the interest rate on the loan.  In some cases, the modification will include separating the note into two notes with the first note structured to be supported by current cash flows and collateral, and the second note made for the remaining unsecured debt.  The second note is charged off immediately and collected only after the first note is paid in full.  This modification type is commonly referred to as an A-B note structure.  For consumer mortgage loans, the restructuring typically includes a lowering of the interest rate to provide payment and cash flow relief.  For each restructuring, a comprehensive credit underwriting analysis of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects of repayment under the revised terms is performed to assess whether the structure can be successful and that cash flows will be sufficient to support the restructured debt.  An analysis is also performed to determine whether the restructured loan should be on accrual status.  Generally, if the loan is on accrual at the time of restructure, it will remain on accrual after the restructuring.  In some cases, a nonaccrual loan may be placed on accrual at restructuring if the loan’s actual payment history demonstrates it would have cash flowed under the restructured terms.  After six consecutive payments under the restructured terms, a nonaccrual restructured loan is reviewed for possible upgrade to accruing status.

In situations where there is a subsequent modification or renewal and the loan is brought to market terms, including a contractual interest rate not less than a market interest rate for new debt with similar credit risk characteristics, the TDR and impaired loan designations may be removed.  In addition, the TDR designation may also be removed from loans modified under an A-B note structure.  If the remaining “A” note is at a market rate at the time of restructuring (taking into account the borrower’s credit risk and prevailing market conditions), the loan can be removed from TDR designation in a subsequent calendar year after six months of performance in accordance with the new terms.  The market rate relative to the borrower’s credit risk is determined through analysis of market pricing information gathered from peers and use of a loan pricing model.  The general objective of the model is to achieve a consistent return on equity from one credit to the next, taking into consideration differences in credit risk.  In the model, credits with higher risk receive a higher potential loss allocation, and therefore require a higher interest rate to achieve the target return on equity.

As with other impaired loans, an allowance for loan loss is estimated for each TDR based on the most likely source of repayment for each loan.  For impaired commercial real estate loans that are collateral dependent, the allowance is computed based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell.  For impaired commercial loans where repayment is expected from cash flows from business operations, the allowance is computed based on a discounted cash flow computation.  Certain groups of TDRs, such as residential mortgages, have common characteristics and for them the allowance is computed based on a discounted cash flow computation on the change in weighted rate for the pool.  The allowance allocations for commercial TDRs where we have reduced the contractual interest rate are computed by measuring cash flows using the new payment terms discounted at the original contractual rate.

The following table presents information regarding TDRs as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands):
 
   
September 30, 2016
   
December 31, 2015
 
   
Number of
Loans
   
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
   
Number of
Loans
   
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
 
Commercial and industrial
   
25
   
$
5,778
     
33
   
$
7,611
 
Commercial real estate
   
49
     
12,627
     
56
     
17,871
 
Consumer
   
118
     
12,626
     
124
     
13,570
 
     
192
   
$
31,031
     
213
   
$
39,052
 
 
The following table presents information related to accruing TDRs as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.  The table presents the amount of accruing TDRs that were on nonaccrual status prior to the restructuring, accruing at the time of restructuring and those that were upgraded to accruing status after receiving six consecutive monthly payments in accordance with the restructured terms as of each period reported (dollars in thousands):
 
   
September 30,
2016
   
December 31,
2015
 
Accruing TDR - nonaccrual at restructuring
 
$
---
   
$
---
 
Accruing TDR - accruing at restructuring
   
26,966
     
33,691
 
Accruing TDR - upgraded to accruing after six consecutive payments
   
3,905
     
4,784
 
   
$
30,871
   
$
38,475
 

The following tables present information regarding TDRs executed during the three month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
Number of Loans
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Balance
   
Principal
Writedown upon
Modification
 
Commercial and industrial
   
---
   
$
---
   
$
---
 
Commercial real estate
   
1
     
59
     
---
 
Consumer
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
     
1
   
$
59
   
$
---
 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Number of Loans
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Balance
   
Principal
Writedown upon
Modification
 
Commercial and industrial
   
2
   
$
114
   
$
---
 
Commercial real estate
   
---
     
---
     
---
 
Consumer
   
1
     
41
     
---
 
     
3
   
$
155
   
$
---
 

The following tables present information regarding TDRs executed during the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in thousands):
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
Number of Loans
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Balance
   
Principal
Writedown upon
Modification
 
Commercial and industrial
   
---
   
$
---
   
$
---
 
Commercial real estate
   
1
     
59
     
---
 
Consumer
   
6
     
277
     
---
 
     
7
   
$
336
   
$
---
 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Number of Loans
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Balance
   
Principal
Writedown upon
Modification
 
Commercial and industrial
   
3
   
$
522
   
$
---
 
Commercial real estate
   
1
     
42
     
---
 
Consumer
   
32
     
870
     
---
 
     
36
   
$
1,434
   
$
---
 
 
According to the accounting standards, not all loan modifications are TDRs.  TDRs are modifications or renewals where the Company has granted a concession to a borrower in financial distress.  The Company reviews all modifications and renewals for determination of TDR status.  In some situations a borrower may be experiencing financial distress, but the Company does not provide a concession.  These modifications are not considered TDRs.  In other cases, the Company might provide a concession, such as a reduction in interest rate, but the borrower is not experiencing financial distress.  This could be the case if the Company is matching a competitor’s interest rate.  These modifications would also not be considered TDRs.  Finally, any renewals at existing terms for borrowers not experiencing financial distress would not be considered TDRs.  As with other loans not considered TDR or impaired, allowance allocations are based on the historical based allocation for the applicable loan grade and loan class.
 
The table below presents, by class, information regarding TDRs which had payment defaults during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in thousands). Included are loans that became delinquent more than 90 days past due or transferred to nonaccrual within 12 months of restructuring.

   
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2016
   
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
   
Number of
Loans
 
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
   
Number of
Loans
 
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
 
Commercial and industrial
   
---
   
$
---
     
---
   
$
---
 
Commercial real estate
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
---
 
Consumer
   
---
     
---
     
1
     
10
 

   
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2016
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
   
Number of
Loans
 
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
   
Number of
Loans
 
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
 
Commercial and industrial
   
---
   
$
---
     
---
   
$
---
 
Commercial real estate
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
---
 
Consumer
   
---
     
---
     
1
     
10
 
 
Credit Quality Indicators: The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors.  The Company analyzes commercial loans individually and classifies these relationships by credit risk grading.  The Company uses an eight point grading system, with grades 5 through 8 being considered classified, or watch, credits.  All commercial loans are assigned a grade at origination, at each renewal or any amendment.  When a credit is first downgraded to a watch credit (either through renewal, amendment, loan officer identification or the loan review process), an Administrative Loan Review (“ALR”) is generated by the credit department and the loan officer.  All watch credits have an ALR completed monthly which analyzes the collateral position and cash flow of the borrower and its guarantors.  The loan officer is required to complete both a short term and long term plan to rehabilitate or exit the credit and to give monthly comments on the progress to these plans.  Management meets quarterly with loan officers to discuss each of these credits in detail and to help formulate solutions where progress has stalled.  When necessary, the loan officer proposes changes to the assigned loan grade as part of the ALR.  Additionally, Loan Review reviews all loan grades upon origination, renewal or amendment and again as loans are selected though the loan review process.  The credit will stay on the ALR until either its grade has improved to a 4 or the credit relationship is at a zero balance.  The Company uses the following definitions for the risk grades:

1. Excellent - Loans supported by extremely strong financial condition or secured by the Bank’s own deposits. Minimal risk to the Bank and the probability of serious rapid financial deterioration is extremely small.

2. Above Average - Loans supported by sound financial statements that indicate the ability to repay or borrowings secured (and margined properly) with marketable securities. Nominal risk to the Bank and probability of serious financial deterioration is highly unlikely. The overall quality of these credits is very high.

3. Good Quality - Loans supported by satisfactory asset quality and liquidity, good debt capacity coverage, and good management in all critical positions. Loans are secured by acceptable collateral with adequate margins. There is a slight risk of deterioration if adverse market conditions prevail.

4. Acceptable Risk - Loans carrying an acceptable risk to the Bank, which may be slightly below average quality. The borrower has limited financial strength with considerable leverage. There is some probability of deterioration if adverse market conditions prevail. These credits should be monitored closely by the Relationship Manager.

5. Marginally Acceptable - Loans are of marginal quality with above normal risk to the Bank. The borrower shows acceptable asset quality but very little liquidity with high leverage. There is inconsistent earning performance without the ability to sustain adverse market conditions. The primary source of repayment is questionable, but the secondary source of repayment still remains an option. Very close attention by the Relationship Manager and management is needed.

6. Substandard - Loans are inadequately protected by the net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged. The primary and secondary sources of repayment are questionable. Heavy debt condition may be evident and volume and earnings deterioration may be underway. It is possible that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not immediately addressed and corrected.

7. Doubtful - Loans supported by weak or no financial statements, as well as the ability to repay the entire loan, are questionable. Loans in this category are normally characterized less than adequate collateral, insolvent, or extremely weak financial condition. A loan classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses makes collection or liquidation in full highly questionable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, however, activity may be underway to minimize the loss or maximize the recovery.

8. Loss - Loans are considered uncollectible and of little or no value as a bank asset.
 
As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the risk grade category of commercial loans by class of loans were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30, 2016
   
1
     
2
     
3
     
4
     
5
     
6
     
7
     
8
   
Total
 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
---
   
$
16,912
   
$
105,635
   
$
277,863
   
$
16,740
   
$
5,943
   
$
9
   
$
---
   
$
423,102
 
                                                                         
Commercial real estate:
                                                                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
2,451
     
8,170
     
2,163
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
12,784
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
4,736
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
4,736
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
---
     
---
     
16,362
     
18,258
     
3,797
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
38,417
 
Commercial development
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
141
     
---
     
190
     
49
     
---
     
380
 
Residential improved
   
---
     
---
     
6,633
     
60,838
     
2,684
     
1,738
     
10
     
---
     
71,903
 
Commercial improved
   
---
     
1,663
     
61,253
     
208,333
     
9,358
     
1,244
     
133
     
---
     
281,984
 
Manufacturing & industrial
   
---
     
1,809
     
33,277
     
51,155
     
2,985
     
638
     
---
     
---
     
89,864
 
   
$
---
   
$
20,384
   
$
225,611
   
$
629,494
   
$
37,727
   
$
9,753
   
$
201
   
$
---
   
$
923,170
 
 
December 31, 2015
   
1
     
2
     
3
     
4
     
5
     
6
     
7
     
8
   
Total
 
Commercial and industrial
 
$
196
   
$
8,774
   
$
114,451
   
$
242,253
   
$
5,235
   
$
6,215
   
$
174
   
$
---
   
$
377,298
 
                                                                         
Commercial real estate:
                                                                       
Residential developed
   
---
     
---
     
2,226
     
5,191
     
2,836
     
---
     
195
     
---
     
10,448
 
Unsecured to residential developers
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
7,372
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
7,372
 
Vacant and unimproved
   
---
     
---
     
17,768
     
20,588
     
4,525
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
42,881
 
Commercial development
   
---
     
---
     
---
     
318
     
---
     
192
     
49
     
---
     
559
 
Residential improved
   
---
     
---
     
7,191
     
54,376
     
4,722
     
1,509
     
124
     
---
     
67,922
 
Commercial improved
   
---
     
3,094
     
60,475
     
208,127
     
15,645
     
2,153
     
157
     
---
     
289,651
 
Manufacturing & industrial
   
---
     
1,478
     
34,857
     
50,023
     
3,481
     
---
     
---
     
---
     
89,839
 
   
$
196
   
$
13,346
   
$
236,968
   
$
588,248
   
$
36,444
   
$
10,069
   
$
699
   
$
---
   
$
885,970
 

Commercial loans rated a 6 or worse per the Company’s internal risk rating system are considered substandard, doubtful or loss. Commercial loans classified as substandard or worse were as follows at period-end (dollars in thousands):

   
September 30,
2016
   
December 31,
2015
 
Not classified as impaired
 
$
3,273
   
$
1,986
 
Classified as impaired
   
6,681
     
8,782
 
Total commercial loans classified substandard or worse
 
$
9,954
   
$
10,768
 
 
The Company considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for loan losses. For consumer loan classes, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following table presents the recorded investment in consumer loans based on payment activity (dollars in thousands):
 
September 30, 2016
 
Residential
Mortgage
   
Consumer
Unsecured
   
Home
Equity
   
Consumer
Other
 
Performing
 
$
216,763
   
$
454
   
$
88,292
   
$
7,713
 
Nonperforming
   
---
     
---
     
3
     
---
 
Total
 
$
216,763
   
$
454
   
$
88,295
   
$
7,713
 

December 31, 2015
 
Residential
Mortgage
   
Consumer
Unsecured
   
Home
Equity
   
Consumer
Other
 
Performing
 
$
209,972
   
$
637
   
$
92,699
   
$
8,637
 
Nonperforming
   
---
     
---
     
17
     
---
 
Total
 
$
209,972
   
$
637
   
$
92,716
   
$
8,637